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Eco‐labelling and the Trade‐Environment Debate

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  • Daniel Melser
  • Peter E. Robertson

Abstract

In this paper we consider the effectiveness of eco‐labels as a substitute for alternative, but trade‐restrictive, environmental policies. Specifically, while there are concerns that eco‐labelling requirements increase the cost of international trade, due to their potential for misuse as technical trade barriers, little attention has been given to the environmental benefits of eco‐labelling. We show that incentive problems inherent in eco‐labelling policies make it a very weak tool of environmental policy. Despite this, we argue that eco‐labelling schemes may remain popular, owing to the lack of alternative WTO compliant environmental policies. We also use this framework to consider the economic and political conflicts facing the EU with regard to its policies on genetically modified organisms.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniel Melser & Peter E. Robertson, 2005. "Eco‐labelling and the Trade‐Environment Debate," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(1), pages 49-62, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:worlde:v:28:y:2005:i:1:p:49-62
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9701.2005.00674.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ian M. Sheldon, 2002. "Regulation of biotechnology: will we ever 'freely' trade GMOs?," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Oxford University Press and the European Agricultural and Applied Economics Publications Foundation, vol. 29(1), pages 155-176, March.
    2. Trish Kelly, 2003. "The WTO, the Environment and Health and Safety Standards," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 26(2), pages 131-151, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. José-Antonio Monteiro, 2010. "Eco-label Adoption in an Interdependent World," IRENE Working Papers 10-01, IRENE Institute of Economic Research.
    2. Naveed HAYAT* & Anwar HUSSAIN** & Heman Das LOHANO***, 2019. "FACTORS DETERMINING GOVERNMENT TO INTRODUCE NATIONAL ECO-LABEL SCHEME: Case Study of Pakistan Trade Partners 1994-2014," Pakistan Journal of Applied Economics, Applied Economics Research Centre, vol. 29(1), pages 53-70.
    3. Prosperi, Maurizio & Viscecchia, Rosaria, 2007. "Indirect Effects of Eco-labelling of agricultural products on Natural Resources," 105th Seminar, March 8-10, 2007, Bologna, Italy 7868, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    4. Peter E. Robertson, 2007. "Global Resources and Eco‐labels: a Neutrality Result," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 15(4), pages 735-743, September.

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