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Understanding regional disparities in healthcare quality and accessibility in West Bengal, India: A multivariate analysis

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  • Suranjan Majumder
  • Subham Roy
  • Arghadeep Bose
  • Indrajit Roy Chowdhury

Abstract

Healthcare inequality is a major issue in developing countries, as it puts increasing pressure on the local population, particularly rural and disadvantaged groups, to maintain a decent standard of living and have equitable access to healthcare. Using principal component analysis and average aggregation methods, a multilevel, dimension‐based composite healthcare quality index was constructed in the present study. The healthcare quality and accessibility index has four aspects (availability, affordability, accommodation, and amenities) with 21 parameters. The four‐dimensional index and healthcare quality and accessibility index were used to map the spatial pattern of healthcare disparity in the context of service availability, distribution of healthcare facilities, and socioeconomic status across the 18 districts of West Bengal, India. The findings show that in West Bengal, different districts have the widest discrepancies in the various dimensions considered for this research, which require particular attention. According to the healthcare quality and accessibility index, districts in the state's northern and western regions are underdeveloped, which corresponds to a wide variance in total healthcare service quality, accessibility, and socioeconomic position. Puruliya, Maldah, Uttar Dinajpur, Dakshin Dinajpur, Jalpaiguri, and Coochbehar are the districts with the lowest healthcare quality and accessibility, accounting for 28.63% of the total area and housing 17.96 million people who suffer greatly from the poor access to decent healthcare. La desigualdad en la asistencia sanitaria es un problema importante en los países en desarrollo, ya que ejerce una presión cada vez mayor sobre la población local, en particular sobre los grupos rurales y desfavorecidos, para mantener un nivel de vida digno y tener un acceso equitativo a la asistencia sanitaria. En el presente estudio se utilizó el análisis de componentes principales y métodos de agregación de promedio para desarrollar un índice compuesto multinivel basado en dimensiones para la calidad de la asistencia sanitaria. El índice de calidad y accesibilidad de la asistencia sanitaria consta de cuatro aspectos (disponibilidad, asequibilidad, alojamiento y servicios) con un total de 21 parámetros. El índice cuatridimensional y el índice de calidad y accesibilidad de la asistencia sanitaria se utilizaron para cartografiar el patrón espacial de disparidad de la asistencia sanitaria en el contexto de la disponibilidad de servicios, la distribución de las instalaciones sanitarias y el estatus socioeconómico en los 18 distritos de Bengala Occidental (India). Los resultados muestran que ciertos distritos de Bengala Occidental presentan las mayores discrepancias en las diferentes dimensiones consideradas para esta investigación, por lo que requieren especial atención. Según el índice de calidad y accesibilidad de la asistencia sanitaria, los distritos de las regiones septentrional y occidental del estado están subdesarrollados, lo que corresponde a una gran variación en total en la calidad, la accesibilidad y la posición socioeconómica de los servicios de asistencia sanitaria. Puruliya, Maldah, Uttar Dinajpur, Dakshin Dinajpur, Jalpaiguri y Coochbehar son los distritos con la calidad y accesibilidad sanitarias más bajas, representando el 28,63% de la superficie total y albergando a 17,96 millones de personas que sufren enormemente el acceso deficiente a una asistencia sanitaria adecuada. 医療格差は、開発途上国において、地域住民、特に農村部の住民や恵まれない人々に対して、適切な生活水準を維持し、医療への公平なアクセスを確保するよう圧力を拡大させており、開発途上国における大きな問題となっている。本研究では、主成分分析と平均値の集計を用いて、多次元的な医療の質の複合指標を構築した。医療の質とアクセシビリティの指標には4つの側面(利用可能性、手頃な価格、適応性、アメニティ)と、21のパラメータがある。インドの西ベンガル州の18の地区における、医療サービスの利用可能性、医療施設の分布、社会経済的地位、以上における医療格差の空間パターンを、4次元の指標及び医療の質とアクセシビリティの指標を用いてマッピングした。調査結果から、西ベンガル州では、この調査のために考慮された様々な側面において、異なる地区の間に最大の相違があり、これには特に注意が必要であることが明らかになった。医療の質とアクセシビリティの指標によると、州の北部と西部の地区は開発が進んでおらず、これは医療サービスの質、アクセシビリティ、社会経済的地位の大きなばらつきに一致している。プルリア、マルダ、ウッタル・ディナジプール、ダクシン・ディナジプール、ジャルパイグリ、クーチビハールは、医療の質とアクセシビリティが最も低い地区であるが、これは調査対象地域全体の28.63%を占め、適切な医療を受けることが難しいために大きな損害を被る1,796万人が暮らしている。

Suggested Citation

  • Suranjan Majumder & Subham Roy & Arghadeep Bose & Indrajit Roy Chowdhury, 2023. "Understanding regional disparities in healthcare quality and accessibility in West Bengal, India: A multivariate analysis," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 15(5), pages 1086-1113, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:rgscpp:v:15:y:2023:i:5:p:1086-1113
    DOI: 10.1111/rsp3.12607
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    References listed on IDEAS

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