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Arbeit im Schatten: Einige theoretische und empirische Überlegungen ?ber die Schattenwirtschaft

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  • Friedrich Schneider

Abstract

As the shadow economy is increasing in almost all OECD countries this paper analyses the theoretical reasons why people work in the shadow economy. Three approaches are presented, models of time allocation, transaction models and models of tax evasion. The major reason for a growing shadow economy is the rising tax and social security burdens, increasing government regulation and decreasing tax morale. The latest empirical results from Austria, Germany and Switzerland are presented.

Suggested Citation

  • Friedrich Schneider, 2001. "Arbeit im Schatten: Einige theoretische und empirische Überlegungen ?ber die Schattenwirtschaft," Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik, Verein für Socialpolitik, vol. 2(4), pages 425-439, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:perwir:v:2:y:2001:i:4:p:425-439
    DOI: 10.1111/1468-2516.t01-1-00065
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Isachsen, Arne Jon & Strom, Steinar, 1980. " The Hidden Economy: The Labor Market and Tax Evasion," Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 82(2), pages 304-311.
    2. Friedrich Schneider & Dominik Enste, 1999. "Shadow Economies Around the World - Size, Causes, and Consequences," CESifo Working Paper Series 196, CESifo.
    3. Frank A. Cowell, 1990. "Cheating the Government: The Economics of Evasion," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262532484, December.
    4. Giles, David E A, 1999. "Measuring the Hidden Economy: Implications for Econometric Modelling," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 109(456), pages 370-380, June.
    5. James Andreoni & Brian Erard & Jonathan Feinstein, 1998. "Tax Compliance," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 36(2), pages 818-860, June.
    6. Feige,Edgar L. (ed.), 1989. "The Underground Economies," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521262309.
    7. Bhattacharyya, Dilip K, 1999. "On the Economic Rationale of Estimating the Hidden Economy," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 109(456), pages 348-359, June.
    8. Tanzi, Vito, 1999. "Uses and Abuses of Estimates of the Underground Economy," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 109(456), pages 338-347, June.
    9. Bajada, Christopher, 1999. "Estimates of the Underground Economy in Australia," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 75(231), pages 369-384, December.
    10. Bruno S. Frey & Werner W. Pommerehne, 1984. "The Hidden Economy: State And Prospects For Measurement1," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 30(1), pages 1-23, March.
    11. Christopher Bajada, 1999. "Estimates of the Underground Economy in Australia," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 75(4), pages 369-384, December.
    12. Allingham, Michael G. & Sandmo, Agnar, 1972. "Income tax evasion: a theoretical analysis," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 1(3-4), pages 323-338, November.
    13. Dominik H. Enste & Friedrich Schneider, 2000. "Shadow Economies: Size, Causes, and Consequences," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 38(1), pages 77-114, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. repec:got:cegedp:18 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Schneider, Friedrich, 2002. "The Size and Development of the Shadow Economies of 22 Transition and 21 OECD Countries," IZA Discussion Papers 514, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    3. Christoph A. Schaltegger, 2011. "Size, Development and Perception of the Shadow Economy in Switzerland," Chapters, in: Friedrich Schneider (ed.), Handbook on the Shadow Economy, chapter 4, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    4. Petrik Runst, 2013. "Post-Socialist Culture and Entrepreneurship," American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 72(3), pages 593-626, July.
    5. repec:ces:ifodic:v:1:y:2003:i:1:p:14567827 is not listed on IDEAS
    6. Friedrich Schneider, 2003. "The Development of the Shadow Economies and Shadow Labour Force of 21 OECD and 22 Transition Countries," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 1(01), pages 17-23, February.
    7. Petrik Runst, 2011. "Post-Socialist Culture and Entrepreneurship," SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research 373, DIW Berlin, The German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP).
    8. Rühmann, Peter, 2003. "Der deutsche Arbeitsmarkt: Fehlentwicklungen, Ursachen und Reformansätze," University of Göttingen Working Papers in Economics 18, University of Goettingen, Department of Economics.
    9. Friedrich Schneider, 2003. "Zunehmende Schattenwirtschaft in Deutschland: eine wirtschafts- und staatspolitische Herausforderung," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 72(1), pages 148-159.

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