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Log Income vs. Linear Income: An Application of the Encompassing Principle

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  • Luigi Ermini
  • David F. Hendry

Abstract

An open question in empirical economics is whether models should be estimated by using the actual, or linear, values of economic variables or their logarithms. This paper applies the principle of encompassing to suggest specification and mis‐specification tests of log vs. linear individual equations fitted to I(1) data, and illustrates the analysis for US quarterly disposable income. The finite‐sample properties of the encompassing tests are examined in a Monte Carlo experiment customized to the parameter values found in the empirical analysis.

Suggested Citation

  • Luigi Ermini & David F. Hendry, 2008. "Log Income vs. Linear Income: An Application of the Encompassing Principle," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 70(s1), pages 807-827, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:obuest:v:70:y:2008:i:s1:p:807-827
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0084.2008.00531.x
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    2. Charles G. Renfro, 2009. "The Practice of Econometric Theory," Advanced Studies in Theoretical and Applied Econometrics, Springer, number 978-3-540-75571-5, July-Dece.
    3. Masayoshi Hayashi, 2013. "On the Decomposition of Regional Stabilization and Redistribution," CIRJE F-Series CIRJE-F-910, CIRJE, Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo.
    4. Tutz, Gerhard & Berger, Moritz, 2020. "The effect of explanatory variables on income: A tool that allows a closer look at the differences in income," Econometrics and Statistics, Elsevier, vol. 16(C), pages 28-41.
    5. Luigi Ermini, 1993. "Shock Persistence and Stochastic Trends in Australian Aggregate Output and Consumption," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 69(1), pages 34-43, March.
    6. Katarina Juselius & Niels Framroze Møller & Finn Tarp, 2014. "The Long-Run Impact of Foreign Aid in 36 African Countries: Insights from Multivariate Time Series Analysis," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 76(2), pages 153-184, April.
    7. Cheng-Feng Cheng, 2012. "Evaluate the Effectiveness of Manager Compensation," International Journal of Business and Economics, School of Management Development, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan, vol. 11(1), pages 25-44, June.
    8. Ricardo Ramírez-Aldana & Lizbeth Naranjo, 2021. "Random intercept and linear mixed models including heteroscedasticity in a logarithmic scale: Correction terms and prediction in the original scale," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(4), pages 1-21, April.
    9. Jennifer L. Castle & Jurgen A. Doornik & David F. Hendry, 2021. "Forecasting Principles from Experience with Forecasting Competitions," Forecasting, MDPI, vol. 3(1), pages 1-28, February.
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    11. Damen, Sven & Vastmans, Frank & Buyst, Erik, 2016. "The effect of mortgage interest deduction and mortgage characteristics on house prices," Journal of Housing Economics, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 15-29.

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