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Reinforcement Learning and Savings Behavior

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  • JAMES J. CHOI
  • DAVID LAIBSON
  • BRIGITTE C. MADRIAN
  • ANDREW METRICK

Abstract

We show that individual investors over‐extrapolate from their personal experience when making savings decisions. Investors who experience particularly rewarding outcomes from 401(k) saving—a high average and/or low variance return—increase their 401(k) savings rate more than investors who have less rewarding experiences. This finding is not driven by aggregate time‐series shocks, income effects, rational learning about investing skill, investor fixed effects, or time‐varying investor‐level heterogeneity that is correlated with portfolio allocations to stock, bond, and cash asset classes. We discuss implications for the equity premium puzzle and interventions aimed at improving household financial outcomes.

Suggested Citation

  • James J. Choi & David Laibson & Brigitte C. Madrian & Andrew Metrick, 2009. "Reinforcement Learning and Savings Behavior," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 64(6), pages 2515-2534, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:jfinan:v:64:y:2009:i:6:p:2515-2534
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.2009.01509.x
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