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Determinants of Capital Structure in Financial Institutions: The Case of Turkey

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  • Yakup Asarkaya
  • Serkan Özcan

Abstract

This study analyzes the determinants of capital structure in the Turkish banking sector. We propose an empirical model in order to identify the factors that explain why banks hold capital beyond the amount required by the regulation. We used a panel data set that employs bank-level data from the Turkish banking sector covering the period 2002–2006 and estimated the model with generalized method of moments (GMM). The findings of this study suggest that lagged capital, portfolio risk, economic growth, average capital level of the sector and return on equity are positively correlated with capital adequacy ratio and share of deposits are negatively correlated with capital adequacy ratio.

Suggested Citation

  • Yakup Asarkaya & Serkan Özcan, 2007. "Determinants of Capital Structure in Financial Institutions: The Case of Turkey," Journal of BRSA Banking and Financial Markets, Banking Regulation and Supervision Agency, vol. 1(1), pages 91-109.
    • Handle: RePEc:bdd:journl:v:1:y:2007:i:1:p:91-109
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    2. Klepczarek Emilia, 2015. "Determinants Of European Banks' Capital Adequacy / Determinanty Adekwatności Kapitałowej Banków Europejskich," Comparative Economic Research, Sciendo, vol. 18(4), pages 81-98, December.
    3. Mili, Mehdi & Sahut, Jean-Michel & Trimeche, Hatem & Teulon, Frédéric, 2017. "Determinants of the capital adequacy ratio of foreign banks’ subsidiaries: The role of interbank market and regulation," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 442-453.
    4. Mehdi Mili & Jean-Michel Sahut & Hatem Trimeche, 2014. "Determinants of the Capital Adequacy Ratio of a Foreign Bank’s Subsidiaries: The Role of the Interbank Market and Regulation of Multinational Banks," Working Papers 2014-366, Department of Research, Ipag Business School.
    5. Rami Obeid, 2023. "Determinants of Capital Adequacy Ratio in the Banking Sector: Evidence from the Arab Region," International Journal of Business and Management, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 18(5), pages 1-63, August.
    6. Mohamed Aymen Ben Moussa, 2018. "Determinants of bank capital: Case of Tunisia," Journal of Applied Finance & Banking, SCIENPRESS Ltd, vol. 8(2), pages 1-1.
    7. Kamal Naser & Abdullah Al-Mutairi & Ahmad Al Kandari & Rana Nuseibeh, 2015. "Cogency of Capital Structure Theories to an Islamic Country: Empirical Evidence from the Kuwaiti Banks," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 5(4), pages 979-988.
    8. Shahchera , Mahshid, 2013. "The Determinants of Banks' Capital Structure: The case of Iran," Journal of Money and Economy, Monetary and Banking Research Institute, Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran, vol. 8(1), pages 141-167, January.
    9. Rafet Aktas & Suleyman AÇIKALIN & Bilge Bakin & Gokhan Celik, 2015. "The Determinants of Banks’ Capital Adequacy Ratio: Some Evidence from South Eastern European Countries," Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, AMH International, vol. 7(1), pages 79-88.
    10. Abdullah AL-Mutairi & Kamal Naser, 2015. "Determinants of Capital Structure of Banking Sector in GCC: An Empirical Investigation," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 5(7), pages 959-972, July.
    11. Andreas Hadjixenophontos & Christos Christodoulou-Volos, 2018. "Financial Crisis and Capital Adequacy Ratio: A Case Study for Cypriot Commercial Banks," Journal of Applied Finance & Banking, SCIENPRESS Ltd, vol. 8(3), pages 1-6.
    12. Quang Thi Thieu Nguyen & Christopher Gan & Zhaohua Li, 2020. "Capital regulation and bank balance sheet adjustments: a simultaneous approach," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 60(2), pages 1563-1599, June.
    13. Erişah ARICAN & Abdurrahman ÇETİN, 2018. "A Comparative Analysis of Market Efficiency of Participation and Deposit Banks in Turkey," Istanbul Journal of Economics-Istanbul Iktisat Dergisi, Istanbul University, Faculty of Economics, vol. 68(1), pages 45-92, June.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Capital Adequacy; Turkish Banking Sector; GMM;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • C23 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models

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