IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bba/j00004/v3y2024i2p34-47d299.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Vector Error Correction Models with Stationary and Nonstationary Variables

Author

Listed:
  • Pu Chen

    (Melbourne Institute of Technology, Australia)

Abstract

Vector Error Correction Models (VECM) have become a standard tool in empirical economics for analyzing nonstationary time series data because they integrate two key concepts in economics: equilibrium and dynamic adjustment in a single model. The current standard VECM procedure is limited to time series data with the same degree of integration, i.e., all I(1) variables. However, empirical studies often involve time series data with different de‐grees of integration, necessitating the simultaneous handling of I(1) and I(0) time series. This paper extends the standard VECM to accommodate mixed I(1) and I(0) variables. The conditions for the mixed VECM are derived, and consequently, we present a test and estimation for the mixed VECM.

Suggested Citation

  • Pu Chen, 2024. "Vector Error Correction Models with Stationary and Nonstationary Variables," Economic Analysis Letters, Anser Press, vol. 3(2), pages 34-47, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:bba:j00004:v:3:y:2024:i:2:p:34-47:d:299
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.anserpress.org/journal/eal/3/2/55/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.anserpress.org/journal/eal/3/2/55
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. M. Hashem Pesaran & Yongcheol Shin & Richard J. Smith, 2001. "Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 16(3), pages 289-326.
    2. Harbo, Ingrid, et al, 1998. "Asymptotic Inference on Cointegrating Rank in Partial Systems," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 16(4), pages 388-399, October.
    3. Enrique Moral-Benito & Luis Serv鮠, 2015. "Testing weak exogeneity in cointegrated panels," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 47(30), pages 3216-3228, June.
    4. H. Peter Boswijk & Jurgen A. Doornik, 2004. "Identifying, estimating and testing restricted cointegrated systems: An overview," Statistica Neerlandica, Netherlands Society for Statistics and Operations Research, vol. 58(4), pages 440-465, November.
    5. Hagen M. Krämer, 2011. "Bowley’S Law: The Diffusion Of An Empirical Supposition Into Economic Theory," Cahiers d’économie politique / Papers in Political Economy, L'Harmattan, issue 61, pages 19-50.
    6. Johansen, Soren, 1995. "Likelihood-Based Inference in Cointegrated Vector Autoregressive Models," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780198774501, Decembrie.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ådne Cappelen & Torbjørn Eika, 2020. "Immigration and the Dutch disease A counterfactual analysis of the Norwegian resource boom 2004-2013," Open Economies Review, Springer, vol. 31(3), pages 669-690, July.
    2. Stewart, Chris, 2023. "The autoregressive distributed lag bounds test generalised to consider a long-run levels relationship when all levels variables are 𝑰(𝟎)," Economics Discussion Papers 2023-2, School of Economics, Kingston University London.
    3. Muhammad Shahbaz & Vassilios G. Papavassiliou & Amine Lahiani & David Roubaud, 2023. "Are we moving towards decarbonisation of the global economy? Lessons from the distant past to the present," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(3), pages 2620-2634, July.
    4. Pieters, Gina & Vivanco, Sofia, 2017. "Financial regulations and price inconsistencies across Bitcoin markets," Information Economics and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 1-14.
    5. Tan, Madeleine Sui-Lay, 2016. "Policy coordination among the ASEAN-5: A global VAR analysis," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 20-40.
    6. Caner Demir, 2019. "Macroeconomic Determinants of Stock Market Fluctuations: The Case of BIST-100," Economies, MDPI, vol. 7(1), pages 1-14, February.
    7. Michael D. Bordo & John V. Duca, 2025. "Money Matters: Broad Divisia Money and the Recovery of the US Nominal GDP From the COVID‐19 Recession," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 44(3), pages 1071-1096, April.
    8. Baek, Jungho & Koo, Won W. & Mulik, Kranti, 2009. "Exchange Rate Dynamics and the Bilateral Trade Balance: The Case of U.S. Agriculture," Agricultural and Resource Economics Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 38(2), pages 213-228, October.
    9. Jurgen A. Doornik, 2018. "Accelerated Estimation of Switching Algorithms: The Cointegrated VAR Model and Other Applications," Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, Danish Society for Theoretical Statistics;Finnish Statistical Society;Norwegian Statistical Association;Swedish Statistical Association, vol. 45(2), pages 283-300, June.
    10. Ericsson, Neil R & Hendry, David F & Mizon, Grayham E, 1998. "Exogeneity, Cointegration, and Economic Policy Analysis," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 16(4), pages 370-387, October.
    11. Perles-Ribes, José Francisco & Ramón-Rodríguez, Ana Belén & Rubia, Antonio & Moreno-Izquierdo, Luis, 2017. "Is the tourism-led growth hypothesis valid after the global economic and financial crisis? The case of Spain 1957–2014," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 96-109.
    12. Abhinandan Kulal & Deepak Kallige Vishwanath & Sanath Kumar Kanthila, 2023. "Dynamic Relationship Between Rupee-Dollar Exchange Rate and Major Economic Indicators," American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Science Publications, vol. 15(1), pages 18-30, August.
    13. Sulaiman, Saidu & Masih, Mansur, 2017. "Is liberalizing finance the game in town for Nigeria ?," MPRA Paper 95569, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    14. Gianluca Cubadda, 2024. "VAR models with an index structure: A survey with new results," Papers 2412.11278, arXiv.org.
    15. Pesaran M.H. & Schuermann T. & Weiner S.M., 2004. "Modeling Regional Interdependencies Using a Global Error-Correcting Macroeconometric Model," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 22, pages 129-162, April.
    16. Kim, Hyun Seok & Baek, Jungho, 2013. "Assessing dynamics of crude oil import demand in Korea," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 260-263.
    17. Akkoyunlu Åžule & Gil Epstein & Ira Gang, 2022. "Migration and University Education: An Empirical (Macro) Link," RF Berlin - CReAM Discussion Paper Series 2211, Rockwool Foundation Berlin (RF Berlin) - Centre for Research and Analysis of Migration (CReAM).
    18. Sunde, Tafirenyika, 2016. "Foreign direct investment and economic growth: ADRL and causality analysis for South Africa," MPRA Paper 72382, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised Jun 2016.
    19. Levent KORAP, 2008. "Exchange Rate Determination Of Tl/Us$:A Co-Integration Approach," Istanbul University Econometrics and Statistics e-Journal, Department of Econometrics, Faculty of Economics, Istanbul University, vol. 7(1), pages 24-50, May.
    20. Darko, Christian Kwasi, 2015. "Determinants of Economic Growth in Ghana," EconStor Preprints 123098, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bba:j00004:v:3:y:2024:i:2:p:34-47:d:299. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Ramona Wang (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.anserpress.org .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.