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Role of Trade, Aid, Remittances and Financial Development in Pakistan

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  • Kumar, Ronald/R

Abstract

In this paper, we explore the role of trade openness, overseas development aid (ODA), remittance inflows and financial development vis-à-vis income in Pakistan for the periods 1980-2010 using the bounds procedure within the augmented Solow-model approach. In the long-run, trade openness, ODA, and remittances have a significant positive effect on the income level, while financial development is not statistically significant. In the short run, ODA has contributed positively towards income growth while remittances, trade openness and financial development have lagged negative effects. Therefore, understanding that aid and remittance inflows behave somewhat differently, for development policy discourse, emphasis need to be on: formalizing and easing remittance transfers by minimizing transaction costs; promoting financial and mobile-led technology inclusion; strengthening public-private partnership in developing necessary infrastructures and promoting investment; encouraging trade openness whilst exploiting areas of comparative advantages with greater outward looking trade strategy; focusing on regional integration and co-operation in view of promoting trade in services (labour mobility); strengthening donor relations to ensure consistent flow of aid whilst effectively managing and deploying aid in productive infrastructure projects to generate employment and providing the necessary institutional conduit overall economic development.

Suggested Citation

  • Kumar, Ronald/R, 2011. "Role of Trade, Aid, Remittances and Financial Development in Pakistan," MPRA Paper 38871, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:38871
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    Cited by:

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    2. Ronald Kumar, 2014. "Exploring the nexus between tourism, remittances and growth in Kenya," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 48(3), pages 1573-1588, May.
    3. Shahzad, Syed Jawad Hussain & Rehman, Mobeen Ur & Abbasi, Faiza & Zakaria, Muhammad, 2014. "Relationship between Remittance, Export, Foreign Direct Investment and Growth: A Panel Cointegration and Causal Analysis in South Asia," MPRA Paper 60290, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    remittances; trade openness; economic growth; aid; financial development; ARDL Bounds test; Pakistan;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F35 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Aid
    • F24 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Remittances

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