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Do WTO Members have More Liberal Trade Policy?

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Author Info
Andrew K. Rose

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Abstract

This paper uses 68 measures of trade policy and trade liberalization to ask if membership in theWorld Trade Organization (WTO) and its predecessor the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is associated with more liberal trade policy. Almost no measures of trade policy are significantly correlated with GATT/WTO membership. Trade liberalizations, when they occur, usually lag GATT entry by many years, and the GATT/WTO often admits countries that are closed and remain closed for years. The exception to the negative rule is that WTO members tend to have slightly more freedom as judged by the Heritage Foundation's index of economic freedom.

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Paper provided by National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc in its series NBER Working Papers with number 9347.

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Date of creation: Nov 2002
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Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:9347

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
F15 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Economic Integration

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
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  3. Nadeem Ul Haque & Mohsin S. Khan, 1998. "Do IMF-Supported Programs Work? A Survey of the Cross-Country Empirical Evidence," IMF Working Papers 98/169, International Monetary Fund.
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    Other versions:
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  7. Francisco Rodriguez & Dani Rodrik, 1999. "Trade Policy and Economic Growth: A Skeptic's Guide to the Cross-national Evidence," Electronic Working Papers 99-003, University of Maryland, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
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  16. Pritchett, Lant, 1996. "Measuring outward orientation in LDCs: Can it be done?," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 49(2), pages 307-335, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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    Other versions:
    • Kyle Bagwell & Robert W. Staiger, 2002. "GATT-think," Discussion Papers 0102-39, Columbia University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
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Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Mamoon, D. & Murshed, S.M., 2005. "Are institutions more important than integration?," Working Papers - General Series 416, Institute of Social Studies. [Downloadable!]
  2. Dawood Mamoon & S. Mansoob Murshed, 2006. "Trade Policy, Openness, Institutions," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 45(1), pages 99-119. [Downloadable!]
  3. Gabriel J. Felbermayr & Wilhelm Kohler, 2007. "Does WTO Membership Make a Difference at the Extensive Margin of World Trade?," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
  4. Daniel Millimet & Rusty Tchernis, 2006. "On the Specification of Propensity Scores: with an Application to the WTO-Environment Debate," Caepr Working Papers 2006-013, Center for Applied Economics and Policy Research, Economics Department, Indiana University Bloomington. [Downloadable!]
  5. Tahsin Saadi-Sedik & Jean-Louis Combes, 2006. "How Does Trade Openness Influence Budget Deficits in Developing Countries?," IMF Working Papers 06/3, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  6. Michael E. S. Hoffman, 2005. "Political and Public Finance Motives for Tariffs," International Trade 0510016, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
  7. Wilhelm Kohler & Gabriel Felbermayr, . "WTO Membership and the Extensive Margin of World Trade: New Evidence," Discussion Papers 09/06, University of Nottingham, GEP. [Downloadable!]
  8. Murtaza H. Syed & Michael Keen, 2006. "Domestic Taxes and International Trade: Some Evidence," IMF Working Papers 06/47, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
  9. Hans Pitlik, 2007. "A race to liberalization? Diffusion of economic policy reform among OECD-economies," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 132(1), pages 159-178, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  10. Salvatici, Luca & Cipollina, Maria, 2006. "Measuring Protection: Mission Impossible?," Working Papers 18876, TRADEAG - Agricultural Trade Agreements. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  11. Maryanchyk Ivan, 2005. "Ukrainian international trade: How far from the potential?," EERC Working Paper Series 05-14e, EERC Research Network, Russia and CIS. [Downloadable!]
  12. T.N. Srinivasan & Vani Archana, . "India in the Global and Regional Trade: Determinants of Aggregate and Bilateral Trade Flows and Firms' Decision to Export," Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, New Delhi Working Papers 232, Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, New Delhi, India. [Downloadable!]
  13. Suleiman ABU-BADER & Aamer S. ABU-QARN, 2008. "The Impact Of Gatt On International Trade: Evidence From Structural Break Analysis," Applied Econometrics and International Development, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 8(2), pages 23-36. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  14. Vatcharin Sirimaneetham, 2006. "What drives liberal policies in developing countries?," Bristol Economics Discussion Papers 06/587, Department of Economics, University of Bristol, UK. [Downloadable!]
  15. Mamoon, Dawood & Murshed, Mansoob, 2007. "Want Economic Growth with Good Quality Institutions? Spend on Education," MPRA Paper 3046, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
  16. Shang-Jin Wei & Zhiwei Zhang, 2006. "Do External Interventions Work? The Case of Trade Reform Conditions in IMF Supported Programs," NBER Working Papers 12667, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  17. Michael Hoffman, 2005. "Discretion, Lobbying, and Political Influence in Models of Trade Policy," Journal of Policy Reform, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 8(3), pages 175-188, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  18. Nenci, Silvia, 2005. "Liberalizzazione tariffaria e crescita degli scambi mondiali: un’analisi storica comparata per la valutazione del sistema commerciale multilaterale
    [Tariff Liberalisation and Trade Growth: a Comp    ," MPRA Paper 645, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
  19. Gabriel J Felbermayr & Wilhelm Kohler, 2009. "WTO Membership and the Extensive Margin of World Trade: New Evidence," Diskussionspapiere aus dem Institut für Volkswirtschaftslehre der Universität Hohenheim 304/2009, Department of Economics, University of Hohenheim, Germany. [Downloadable!]
  20. Aron, Janine & Muellbauer, John, 2007. "Inflation Dynamics and Trade Openness," CEPR Discussion Papers 6346, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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