Wege zur Stärkung der Forschung und Anwendung von künstlicher Intelligenz in Europa

Germany and Europe are often said to lag behind the United States and China in the development and application of artificial intelligence technologies and other complementary technologies. Scientific, technological and ultimately economic performance in the field of this technology bundle, often referred to as the AI stack, depends not least on the institutional conditions for rapid technology development, scaling and implementation, in relation to which closer European cooperation, the provision of appropriate infrastructural and financial resources, and the intensification of cooperation between AI developers and users. In addition to a detailed analysis and evaluation of the performance of the EU and its member states in comparison with leading international countries on the basis of publication and patent data, the performance of various machine learning models and the international AI corporate landscape are also examined. Furthermore, the interaction of R&I policy, industrial policy and regulatory policy measures at EU level and in selected member states (Finland, France, the Netherlands, Austria and Germany) is compared with practices in international reference countries (China, the United Kingdom, India and the United States). On this basis, implications and possible options for action for German and European AI policy are identified.