Poverty among racialized groups across generations

This study uses data from Canada’s 2021 Census of Population to examine the differences between the poverty rates of racialized groups and the White population. The analysis examines whether these differences recede or persist across generations and the extent to which the sociodemographic composition of racialized groups explains these differences. Among the 11 racialized groups compared, 10 had a higher poverty rate than the White population. For all but the Japanese group, compositional differences did not entirely explain the difference in the poverty rate from the White population, although the size of the difference generally decreased after considering compositional differences. The Filipino had a lower poverty rate than the White population in the first generation, second generation, and third generation or more of Canadians. The differences in the poverty rate between most racialized groups and the White population persisted into the second generation. For South Asian, Chinese and Japanese groups, the poverty rate difference from the White population receded in the third generation or more. For Black, Latin American, Arab, and West Asian groups, the difference in the poverty rate persisted into the third generation or more.