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Qu'est-ce qui explique les mouvements des enfants vers la situation de faible revenu et hors de celle-ci? les changements de situation sur le marche du travail ou le mariage et le divorce?

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  • Zyblock, Miles
  • Picot, Garnett
  • Pyper, Wendy

Abstract

La pauvrete chez les enfants est un probleme auquel le gouvernement accorde la priorite. Pour reduire le taux de faible revenu chez les enfants, il faut soit diminuer le nombre d'enfants qui entrent dans la situation de faible revenu, soit accroitre le nombre de ceux qui en sortent. Mais quels sont les facteurs qui influent sur de tels mouvements? La majorite des analystes invoqueront d'emblee les pertes d'emploi chez les parents. Cependant, de toute evidence, les divorces et les remariages peuvent aussi jouer un role a cet egard. Pour pouvoir influencer de facon utile les mouvements, il faut posseder une certaine comprehension des forces qui agissent sur eux. L'objet du present document est de determiner dans quelle mesure les mouvements des enfants sont le fait (1) de changements dans la situation familiale des parents ou (2) de changements dans la situation d'un parent sur le marche du travail (perte ou obtention d'un emploi, changements dans les heures de travail ou la remuneration, etc.). Nous avons constate qu'un divorce ou un mariage peut avoir une enorme incidence sur la probabilite qu'un enfant en particulier entre dans la situation de faible revenu ou en sorte. Au niveau individuel, les changements dans la composition de la famille (quand il s'en produit) ont un effet plus marque que les changements dans la situation des parents sur le marche du travail. Cependant, les premiers sont relativement peu frequents en comparaison des derniers. Les parents sont beaucoup plus susceptibles de perdre ou de decrocher un emploi et de connaitre des modifications de leurs heures de travail ou de leur remuneration que de se marier ou de divorcer. Lorsque nous tenons compte de cela, nous constatons que, dans l'ensemble, les mouvements des enfants dans la situation de faible revenu et en dehors de celle-ci sont attribuables, dans des proportions a peu pres egales, aux changements dans la compositions de la famille et aux changements dans la remuneration et les heures de travail.

Suggested Citation

  • Zyblock, Miles & Picot, Garnett & Pyper, Wendy, 1999. "Qu'est-ce qui explique les mouvements des enfants vers la situation de faible revenu et hors de celle-ci? les changements de situation sur le marche du travail ou le mariage et le divorce?," Direction des études analytiques : documents de recherche 1999132f, Statistics Canada, Direction des études analytiques.
    • Handle: RePEc:stc:stcp3f:1999132f
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    File URL: https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/fr/catalogue/11F0019M1999132
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mary Jo Bane & David T. Ellwood, 1986. "Slipping into and out of Poverty: The Dynamics of Spells," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 21(1), pages 1-23.
    2. Stevens, Ann Huff, 1994. "The Dynamics of Poverty Spells: Updating Bane and Ellwood," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 84(2), pages 34-37, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Picot, Garnett & Heisz, Andrew & Jackson, Andrew, 2002. "Les entreprises gagnantes et perdantes du marche de l'emploi des annees 90," Direction des études analytiques : documents de recherche 2002184f, Statistics Canada, Direction des études analytiques.
    2. Picot, Garnett & Myles, John, 2005. "L'inegalite du revenu et le faible revenu au Canada : une perspective internationale," Direction des études analytiques : documents de recherche 2005240f, Statistics Canada, Direction des études analytiques.

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