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L'Alsace-Moselle peut-elle décider des 35 heures ?: Commentaires sur l'article de Matthieu Chemin et Etienne Wasmer, Journal of Labor Economics, 2009

Author

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  • Olivier Godechot

    (Observatoire sociologique du changement)

Abstract

L’article de Chemin et Wasmer (2009) tente d’établir l’inefficacité de la politique de réduction du temps de travail dite des « 35 heures » en matière d’emploi en exploitant une expérience naturelle : l’Alsace-Moselle a subi une réduction du temps de travail de moindre ampleur que le reste de la métropole car elle a pu intégrer dans son calcul deux jours fériés additionnels qui existaient pour des raisons historiques. L’article de 2009 propose pour cela de montrer d’une part que les salariés de ces trois départements ont connu une réduction de la semaine de travail significativement moindre que ceux du reste de la France et d’autre part que cette différence n’a pas été accompagnée par plus de chômage ou moins de créations d’emploi. Lors d’une réplication de cet article, nous avons découvert une erreur de code informatique dans la définition des entreprises de plus de vingt salariés qui fausse sensiblement les résultats. Sa correction ainsi qu’une meilleure prise en compte du caractère frontalier de la région concernée infirment les hypothèses de l’article. La réduction du temps de travail, telle qu’elle est mesurée par l’enquête Emploi, a été aussi importante en Alsace-Moselle que dans le reste de la France. Ainsi, notre propre travail jette des doutes sur la validité de cette expérience naturelle pour évaluer les effets de la réduction du temps de travail sur l’emploi.

Suggested Citation

  • Olivier Godechot, 2016. "L'Alsace-Moselle peut-elle décider des 35 heures ?: Commentaires sur l'article de Matthieu Chemin et Etienne Wasmer, Journal of Labor Economics, 2009," Sciences Po publications 2016-04, Sciences Po.
    • Handle: RePEc:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/1fruveeiq88ihrgdns5aoi4glg
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dominique Goux, 2003. "Une histoire de l'Enquête Emploi," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 362(1), pages 41-57.
    2. Pierre Cahuc & Stéphane Carcillo, 2014. "The Detaxation of Overtime Hours: Lessons from the French Experiment," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 32(2), pages 361-400.
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    4. Bernard Aubry, 1984. "100 000 travailleurs frontaliers," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 170(1), pages 13-23.
    5. Pierre Cahuc & Stéphane Carcillo, 2014. "The Detaxation of Overtime Hours: Lessons from the French Experiment," Post-Print hal-03460334, HAL.
    6. Alain Gubian & Stéphane Jugnot & Frédéric Lerais & Vladimir Passeron, 2004. "Les effets de la RTT sur l'emploi : des estimations ex ante aux évaluations ex post," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 376(1), pages 25-54.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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