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Responsabilita' Sociale delle Imprese e "Democratic Stakeholding"

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  • Stefano Zamagni

    (Associazione Italiana per la Cultura della Cooperazione e del Non Profit)

Abstract

Indico subito l'argomento che sviluppero', sia pure in breve, nelle pagine seguenti. L'ampio e articolato dibattito in corso sulla responsabilita' sociale dell'impresa (RSI), centrato come e sulla teoria degli stakeholders, e' viziato da un'ambiguita' di fondo: mai, salvo rare eccezioni, viene specificato a quale delle due versioni di tale teoria si intende fare riferimento: se alla versione "normativa" o a quella "strumentale" (Donaldson e Preston, 1995). Come noto, mentre nella versione normativa, gli obiettivi delle diverse classi di portatori di interesse costituiscono il fine stesso dell'azione dell'impresa, nella versione strumentale quegli obiettivi rappresentano un mezzo in vista della massimizzazione del valore per l'azionista, o piu' in generale, del profitto. Ne deriva che l'attuazione pratica dell'approccio normativo, qualora cio' riguardasse la generalita' delle imprese e non fosse cioe' confinata ad una minoranza profetica - condurrebbe al superamento della forma capitalistica di impresa, ovvero, di ogni forma di impresa nella quale i diritti residuali di controllo fossero affidati ad un'unica classe di stakeholder, quale che essa fosse. Non cosi', invece, qualora fosse l'approccio strumentale a prevalere nella pratica, dato che esso si riduce, come mostrera', ad una mera estensione della teoria degli shareholder. Molto efficace per chiarire il punto in questione la posizione di Campbell quando scrive: 'Sostengo la teoria degli stakeholder [nella versione strumentale] non per una qualche ragione di equita', o di principio, ma perche' credo che essa sia fondamentale per comprendere come si riesca a fare soldi nel mondo degli affari.

Suggested Citation

  • Stefano Zamagni, 2006. "Responsabilita' Sociale delle Imprese e "Democratic Stakeholding"," AICCON Working Papers 28-2006, Associazione Italiana per la Cultura della Cooperazione e del Non Profit.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:aiccon:2006_028
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Shleifer, Andrei & Vishny, Robert W, 1997. "A Survey of Corporate Governance," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 52(2), pages 737-783, June.
    2. Bruno S. Frey & Margit Osterloh, "undated". "Yes, Managers Should be Paid Like Bureaucrats," IEW - Working Papers 187, Institute for Empirical Research in Economics - University of Zurich.
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    4. Murphy, Kevin J., 1999. "Executive compensation," Handbook of Labor Economics, in: O. Ashenfelter & D. Card (ed.), Handbook of Labor Economics, edition 1, volume 3, chapter 38, pages 2485-2563, Elsevier.
    5. Stefano Zamagni, 2005. "Per una teoria economico-civile dell'impresa cooperativa," AICCON Working Papers 10-2005, Associazione Italiana per la Cultura della Cooperazione e del Non Profit.
    6. Luigi Zingales, 1997. "Corporate Governance," NBER Working Papers 6309, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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    Cited by:

    1. Bruno Jossa, 2009. "Alchian And Demsetz'S Critique Of The Cooperative Firm Thirty‐Seven Years After," Metroeconomica, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 60(4), pages 686-714, November.
    2. Rainer S. Masera & Giancarlo Mazzoni, 2007. "Shareholders and stakeholders value creation: an analytic foundation for value creation indicators," Banca Nazionale del Lavoro Quarterly Review, Banca Nazionale del Lavoro, vol. 60(240), pages 3-31.
    3. Rainer S. Masera & Giancarlo Mazzoni, 2007. "Shareholders and stakeholders value creation: an analytic foundation for value creation indicators," BNL Quarterly Review, Banca Nazionale del Lavoro, vol. 60(240), pages 3-31.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    responsabilita' sociale; stakeholder management; democratic stakeholding;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • A13 - General Economics and Teaching - - General Economics - - - Relation of Economics to Social Values

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