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Was erklärt hohe Arbeitseinkommen der Selbständigen? Eine Mikroanalyse mit Daten des Sozio-ökonomischen Panels

Author

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  • Hirschel, Dierk
  • Merz, Joachim

Abstract

Die Legitimität von Ungleichheit in der Einkommensverteilung basiert in Marktökonomien auf den Annahmen einer Dominanz individueller Leistungskomponenten für die Einkommenshöhe und der unterstellten Existenz von Chancengleichheit. Die Überprüfung der empirischen Relevanz dieser Annahmen erfordert sowohl eine Analyse der Bestimmungsfaktoren der Einkommenshöhe als auch die Untersuchung der Einkommensmobilität. Während die wissenschaftliche Auseinandersetzung mit der Struktur des unteren Einkommensbereichs (Armutsforschung) auf eine lange Tradition zurückblicken kann, ist der obere Bereich der Einkommensverteilung weitgehend unerforscht. Dies gilt umso mehr für die Gruppe der Selbständigen. Die vorliegende Studie analysiert die Determinanten hoher Arbeitseinkommen (Reichtumsgrenze 200% des Mittelwertes) der Selbständigen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Unterschieden wird zwischen individuellen (Humankapital, Arbeitszeit) und strukturellen (soziale Herkunft, Diskriminierung, Regionen, etc.) Determinanten der Einkommenshöhe. Theoretische Grundlage sind die prominenten Einkommenstheorien. Datenbasis ist das sozio-ökonomische Panel (SOEP). Mit Hilfe multivariater panelökonometrischer Verfahren (Probit-Panel-Modell, Tobit-Panel-Modell) werden die einzelnen Erklärungsansätze gegeneinander getestet. Zentrales Ergebnis der Studie ist der Sachverhalt, dass Einkommensreichtum in erster Linie eine Frage der sozialen Herkunft ist. Diese beeinflusst indirekt über den Bildungsabschluss und direkt über soziale Netzwerke die Höhe des Arbeitseinkommens. Individuelle Faktoren spielen im Vergleich zu den strukturellen Faktoren eher eine untergeordnete Rolle in der Bestimmung hoher Einkommen der Selbständigen.

Suggested Citation

  • Hirschel, Dierk & Merz, Joachim, 2004. "Was erklärt hohe Arbeitseinkommen der Selbständigen? Eine Mikroanalyse mit Daten des Sozio-ökonomischen Panels," MPRA Paper 5976, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:5976
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jacob A. Mincer, 1974. "Schooling, Experience, and Earnings," NBER Books, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number minc74-1, October.
    2. Jacob A. Mincer, 1974. "Schooling and Earnings," NBER Chapters, in: Schooling, Experience, and Earnings, pages 41-63, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Barton H. Hamilton, 2000. "Does Entrepreneurship Pay? An Empirical Analysis of the Returns to Self-Employment," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 108(3), pages 604-631, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Merz, Joachim & Zwick, Markus, 2008. "Einkommens- und Verteilungsanalyse mit dem Taxpayer-Panel – Neue Möglichkeiten und erste Ergebnisse für Selbständige als Freiberufler und Unternehmer und abhängige Beschäftigte sowie für hohe Einkomme," MPRA Paper 16299, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Rafael Rucha, 2011. "Hat eine freiwillige Mitgliedschaft in Berufsverbänden einen Effekt auf das Einkommen von Freiberuflern? – Eine Panelanalyse für Deutschland," FFB-Discussionpaper 94, Research Institute on Professions (Forschungsinstitut Freie Berufe (FFB)), LEUPHANA University Lüneburg.
    3. Martin Rosemann & Anita Tiefensee, 2013. "Messung von Ausmaß, Intensität und Konzentration des Einkommens- und Vermögensreichtums in Deutschland," IAW Discussion Papers 95, Institut für Angewandte Wirtschaftsforschung (IAW).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Wohlfahrt; Hohe Arbeitseinkommen; Einkommensverteilung und Reichtum; Selbständige;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I30 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - General
    • I31 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - General Welfare, Well-Being
    • J23 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Demand

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