IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/pra/mprapa/54498.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Social policies, personal and regional income inequality in Brazil: an I-O analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Azzoni, Carlos Roberto
  • Guilhoto, Joaquim José Martins

Abstract

The study presents a Leontief-Miyazawa model to study personal and regional income inequality in Brazil. The economy is divided into 31 sectors, in 5 macro regions; households are allocated into 10 income brackets. The study identifies the contribution of different sectors to inequality. The model is used to simulate the capacity of social policies to reduce personal and regional inequality in the country. The analysis is conducted using the pro-poor “Bolsa Família” program which is a social program that provides direct income transfers to poor (with per capita income between BRL 60,01 and BRL 120,00) and extreme poor households (with per capita income below BRL 60,00). The results show that in the short run, the “Bolsa Família” program has proven to produce positive results, both at the personal income level and at the regional concentration level, and has surely paid large dividends in electoral terms. Solving inequality problems, however, might need other mid and long run policies which could improve competitiveness of lagging regions.

Suggested Citation

  • Azzoni, Carlos Roberto & Guilhoto, Joaquim José Martins, 2009. "Social policies, personal and regional income inequality in Brazil: an I-O analysis," MPRA Paper 54498, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:54498
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/54498/1/MPRA_paper_54498.pdf
    File Function: original version
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kenichi Miyazawa, 1960. "Foreign Trade Multiplier, Input-Output Analysis and the Consumption Function," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 74(1), pages 53-64.
    2. Amann, E. & Haddad, E. & Perobelli, F. & Guilhoto, J. J. M., 2007. "Structural Change in the Automotive Industry and its Regional Impacts: The Case of Brazil," MPRA Paper 37962, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Raul M. Silveira-Neto & Carlos R. Azzoni, 2012. "Social Policy As Regional Policy: Market And Nonmarket Factors Determining Regional Inequality," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 52(3), pages 433-450, August.
    2. Oliveira, Gabriel & Chagas, André, 2020. "Long-Term Effects of Conditional Cash Transfers on Children: The Brazilian Case," TD NEREUS 9-2020, Núcleo de Economia Regional e Urbana da Universidade de São Paulo (NEREUS).
    3. Raul Silveira Neto & Carlos Azzoni, 2011. "Measuring the Contribution of Social Policies to Regional Inequality Dynamic in Brazil," ERSA conference papers ersa11p659, European Regional Science Association.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Carlos R. Azzoni & Joaquim J. M. Guilhoto & Eduardo A. Haddad & Geoffrey J. D. Hewings & Marco A. Laes & Guilherme R. C. Moreira, 2007. "Social Policies, Personal And Regional Income Inequality In Brazil: An I-O Analysis Of The “Bolsa Família” Program," Anais do XXXV Encontro Nacional de Economia [Proceedings of the 35th Brazilian Economics Meeting] 003, ANPEC - Associação Nacional dos Centros de Pós-Graduação em Economia [Brazilian Association of Graduate Programs in Economics].
    2. Azzoni, Carlos Roberto & Guilhoto, J. J. M. & Haddad, E. A & Hewings, G. J. D. & Laes, M. A. & Moreira, G., 2011. "Neither here nor there: regionally targeted social policy or socially targeted regional policy? the first four years of Lula’s administration," MPRA Paper 37959, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Stanislav Shmelev & Harrison Roger Brook, 2021. "Macro Sustainability across Countries: Key Sector Environmentally Extended Input-Output Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-46, October.
    4. Eduardo A. Haddad & Jesús P. Mena-Chalco, Otavio J. G. Sidone, 2015. "Scholarly Collaboration in Regional Science in Developing Countries: The Case of the Brazilian REAL Network," Working Papers, Department of Economics 2015_12, University of São Paulo (FEA-USP).
    5. Eduardo Amaral Haddad & Ilham Najib, 2024. "The Automotive Sector in Morocco: An Input-Output Structural Decomposition Analysis," Research papers & Policy papers 1973, Policy Center for the New South.
    6. Yen-Yin Chen & Jung-Hua Wu, 2008. "Simple Keynesian input–output structural decomposition analysis using weighted Shapley value resolution," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 42(4), pages 879-892, December.
    7. Armon Rezai, 2015. "Demand and distribution in integrated economies," Cambridge Journal of Economics, Cambridge Political Economy Society, vol. 39(5), pages 1399-1414.
    8. Kagawa, Shigemi & Nansai, Keisuke & Kudoh, Yuki, 2009. "Does product lifetime extension increase our income at the expense of energy consumption?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 31(2), pages 197-210.
    9. Trigg, Andrew & Ricardo, Araujo, 2014. "A Multi-sectorial Assessment of the Static Harrod Foreign Trade Multiplier," MPRA Paper 53242, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    10. Araujo, Ricardo Azevedo & Trigg, Andrew B., 2015. "A neo-Kaldorian approach to structural economic dynamics," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 25-36.
    11. Azzoni, Carlos Roberto & Menezes, Tatiane & Silveira, Fernando & Haddad, Eduardo A. & Guilhoto, Joaquim José Martins & C. E. Carmo, Heron, 2003. "Assessing the impacts of agricultural policy and structural reforms on income distribution and poverty in Brazil," MPRA Paper 54018, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    12. Moreira, Guilherme R.C. & Almeida, Leandro & Guilhoto, Joaquim M. & Azzoni, Carlos R., 2008. "Productive structure and income distribution: The Brazilian case," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 48(2), pages 320-332, May.
    13. Solmaria Halleck Vega, 2021. "Revisiting a place‐based policy: Transformations in Northeast Brazil," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 52(4), pages 2412-2436, December.
    14. Sebastiano Fadda, "undated". "Structural Change, Employment and Institutions," Working Papers 0033, ASTRIL - Associazione Studi e Ricerche Interdisciplinari sul Lavoro.
    15. Huang, Yun-Hsun & Wu, Jung-Hua, 2013. "Analyzing the driving forces behind CO2 emissions and reduction strategies for energy-intensive sectors in Taiwan, 1996–2006," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 402-411.
    16. Jun, Wang Ki & An, Myung Ho & Choi, Jae Young, 2022. "Impact of the connected & autonomous vehicle industry on the Korean national economy using input-output analysis," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 178(C).
    17. World Bank, 2008. "Brazil : Evaluating the Macroeconomic and Distributional Impacts of Lowering Transportation Costs," World Bank Publications - Reports 8083, The World Bank Group.
    18. Tuan Viet Le & William Baker, 2020. "The effects of trade deficit on output and employment: evidence from the U.S.’s economy," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, vol. 17(4), pages 877-895, October.
    19. Azzoni, Carlos Roberto & Guilhoto, Joaquim M., 2008. "Modal composition of cargo transportation and income inequality in Brazil," MPRA Paper 31411, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    20. Shouxin Bai & Shicheng Zhou & Yuyao Sheng & Xingwei Wang, 2022. "Does Lockdown Reduce Employment in Major Developing Countries? An Assessment Based on Multiregional Input–Output Model and Scenario Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-19, June.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Social policies; Brazil; input-output;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C67 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Input-Output Models
    • D57 - Microeconomics - - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium - - - Input-Output Tables and Analysis
    • R15 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Econometric and Input-Output Models; Other Methods

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:54498. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Joachim Winter (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/vfmunde.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.