IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/pai/wpaper/11-05.html

Diferencias étnicas y de sexo en el progreso educativo en Perú : ¿para quién y cuándo son los riesgos mayores?

Author

Listed:
  • Juan F. Castro

    (Universidad del Pacífico)

  • Gustavo Yamada

    (Universidad del Pacífico)

  • Roberto Asmat

    (Universidad del Pacífico)

Abstract

En esta investigación analizamos las diferencias étnicas y de sexo en el progreso educativo en el Perú, en los últimos 50 años. Usamos un pool de datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Hogares del 2004-2009 e identificamos cuatro etnias: blanca/mestiza, amazónica, quechua/aymara, y afrodescendiente. Modelamos los años de educación acumulados con un enfoque de duración y calculamos la ?brecha? de progreso educativo a través del riesgo de abandonar el sistema educativo del grupo medido respecto al de los blancos/mestizos (para las comparaciones por grupos étnicos) y respecto al del hombre (para las comparaciones de sexo). Empleamos tanto un enfoque de riesgos proporcionales como no proporcionales. Este último nos permite analizar los efectos de la etnia y el sexo sobre la probabilidad de deserción en cada etapa del proceso educativo. Encontramos que el riesgo de deserción de los grupos quechua, amazónico y afrodescendiente es mayor que el del grupo de blancos/mestizos. Las restricciones materiales (recursos monetarios y oferta educativa) explican buena parte de la brecha quechua. La brecha afrodescendiente depende más de factores estructurales relacionados con el contexto familiar y educativo de la persona y que no son directamente observables. Encontramos que la etnia afrodescendiente se encuentra en clara desventaja respecto al resto de grupos, con un elevado riesgo de deserción concentrado en los primeros años de la educación primaria. Asimismo, detrás de una brecha hombre-mujer promedio prácticamente cerrada, subsiste aún una diferencia importante entre los riesgos de deserción (a favor de los hombres) concentrada en los primeros años de la educación básica y al interior de los grupos quechuas y amazónicos.

Suggested Citation

  • Juan F. Castro & Gustavo Yamada & Roberto Asmat, 2011. "Diferencias étnicas y de sexo en el progreso educativo en Perú : ¿para quién y cuándo son los riesgos mayores?," Working Papers 11-05, Centro de Investigación, Universidad del Pacífico.
    • Handle: RePEc:pai:wpaper:11-05
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://repositorio.up.edu.pe/bitstream/handle/11354/364/DD1105.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
    File Function: Application/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Patrick Royston, 2004. "Flexible parametric alternatives to the Cox model: update," Stata Journal, StataCorp LLC, vol. 4(1), pages 98-101, March.
    2. Gustavo Yamada & Ricardo Montero, 2011. "Referencias," Chapters of Books, in: Gustavo Yamada & Ricardo Montero (ed.), Corrupción e inequidad en los servicios públicos en el Perú, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 8, pages 57-60, Fondo Editorial, Universidad del Pacífico.
    3. Heckman, James J. & Lochner, Lance J. & Todd, Petra E., 2006. "Earnings Functions, Rates of Return and Treatment Effects: The Mincer Equation and Beyond," Handbook of the Economics of Education, in: Erik Hanushek & F. Welch (ed.), Handbook of the Economics of Education, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 7, pages 307-458, Elsevier.
    4. Robert M. Hauser, 1993. "Trends in College Entry among Whites, Blacks, and Hispanics," NBER Chapters, in: Studies of Supply and Demand in Higher Education, pages 61-120, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Kogan, Liuba, 2017. "El rap en el Callao: la aflicción profunda," Working Papers 17-06, Centro de Investigación, Universidad del Pacífico.
    2. García Ramos, Yboon & Flores-Bazán, Fabian & Nicolas Hadjisavvas, 2017. "About the sum of quasiconvex functions," Working Papers 17-07, Centro de Investigación, Universidad del Pacífico.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Nathaniel Hilger, 2016. "Upward Mobility and Discrimination: The Case of Asian Americans," NBER Working Papers 22748, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. World Bank, 2011. "Strengthening Skills and Employability in Peru : Final Report," World Bank Publications - Reports 12533, The World Bank Group.
    3. Kemptner, Daniel & Tolan, Songül, 2018. "The role of time preferences in educational decision making," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 25-39.
    4. Gernandt, Johannes & Maier, Michael & Pfeiffer, Friedhelm & Rat-Wirtzler, Julie, 2006. "Distributional effects of the high school degree in Germany," ZEW Discussion Papers 06-088, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    5. Ion Zgreaban, Irina, 2013. "Education in Romania - How much is it Worth?," Journal for Economic Forecasting, Institute for Economic Forecasting, vol. 0(1), pages 149-163, March.
    6. Hai-Anh H. Dang & Trung X. Hoang & Ha Nguyen, 2021. "The Long-Run and Gender-Equalizing Impacts of School Access: Evidence from the First Indochina War," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 70(1), pages 453-484.
    7. Michael A. Clemens & Claudio Montenegro & Lant Pritchett, 2016. "Bounding the Price Equivalent of Migration Barriers," Growth Lab Working Papers 67, Harvard's Growth Lab.
    8. Jean-Marc Fournier & Isabell Koske, 2012. "The determinants of earnings inequality: evidence from quantile regressions," OECD Journal: Economic Studies, OECD Publishing, vol. 2012(1), pages 7-36.
    9. Flabbi, Luca & Paternostro, Stefano & Tiongson, Erwin R., 2008. "Returns to education in the economic transition: A systematic assessment using comparable data," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 27(6), pages 724-740, December.
    10. Christopher Taber & Rune Vejlin, 2020. "Estimation of a Roy/Search/Compensating Differential Model of the Labor Market," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 88(3), pages 1031-1069, May.
    11. Liwiński, Jacek, . "Premia płacowa z kształcenia na studiach podyplomowych," Gospodarka Narodowa-The Polish Journal of Economics, Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie / SGH Warsaw School of Economics, vol. 2017(5).
    12. Bacalhau, Priscilla & Mattos, Enlinson & Ponczek, Vladimir Pinheiro, 2019. "College quality signaling and individual performance: effects on labor market outcomes after graduation," Textos para discussão 502, FGV EESP - Escola de Economia de São Paulo, Fundação Getulio Vargas (Brazil).
    13. Christopher Herrington, 2015. "Public Education Financing, Earnings Inequality, and Intergenerational Mobility," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 18(4), pages 822-842, October.
    14. Kenneth Y. Chay & Jonathan Guryan & Bhashkar Mazumder, 2014. "Early Life Environment and Racial Inequality in Education and Earnings in the United States," Working Paper Series WP-2014-28, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
    15. Ludovica Gazze & Claudia Persico & Sandra Spirovska, 2024. "The Long-Run Spillover Effects of Pollution: How Exposure to Lead Affects Everyone in the Classroom," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 42(2), pages 357-394.
    16. Diego Daruich & Julian Kozlowski, 2020. "Explaining Intergenerational Mobility: The Role of Fertility and Family Transfers," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 36, pages 220-245, April.
    17. Yasser Razak Hussain & Pranab Mukhopadhyay, 2023. "How Much do Education, Experience, and Social Networks Impact Earnings in India? A Panel Data Analysis Disaggregated by Class, Gender, Caste and Religion," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(4), pages 21582440231, December.
    18. Maria Manuel Campos & Hugo Reis, 2018. "Returns to schooling in the Portuguese economy: a reassessment," Public Sector Economics, Institute of Public Finance, vol. 42(2), pages 215-242.
    19. Christian Belzil, 2008. "Testing the Specification of the Mincer Wage Equation," Annals of Economics and Statistics, GENES, issue 91-92, pages 427-451.
    20. Pablo Lavado & Nelson Oviedo & Hernán Ruffo, 2016. "Destruction of Cognitive and Noncognitive Skills in Adulthood," Working Papers 16-07, Centro de Investigación, Universidad del Pacífico.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pai:wpaper:11-05. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Giit (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/deiuppe.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.