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Raza, corrupción y acceso a servicios públicos en el Perú : ¿exclusión o discriminación?

Author

Listed:
  • Ricardo Montero

    (Universidad del Pacífico)

  • Gustavo Yamada

    (Universidad del Pacífico)

Abstract

Este estudio evalúa desde el punto de vista cuantitativo la posible existencia de discriminación contra los ciudadanos de origen indígena en el uso de los servicios públicos, con información de la Encuesta Nacional de Hogares de Perú entre los años 2004 y 2006. Dichas versiones de la ENAHO recogen información sobre la realización de trámites en un grupo de instituciones del Estado, así como sobre los episodios de coima en dichos trámites. Se encuentra que los hogares con características indígenas alcanzan niveles más bajos de acceso a servicios públicos así como menores tasas de conclusión exitosa de trámites. El análisis econométrico sugiere que mientras que la menor tasa de acceso puede explicarse por las más elevadas incidencias de pobreza y menores niveles de educación de los hogares indígenas (lo que lo convierte en un problema de exclusión más que de discriminación), la menor tasa de conclusión sí parece representar un problema adicional de discriminación al interior de las entidades del Estado. No se hallan efectos de un trato diferenciado a la población indígena en los casos de coima. El análisis desagregado por tipo de institución proveedora de servicios muestra que la situación es particularmente grave en el caso de servicios básicos, tales como agua potable y saneamiento, donde sí se encuentra evidencia de discriminación en los tres niveles analizados. Por último, no se halla evidencia de discriminación racial específica en la policía, el sistema judicial ni en los servicios de aduanas y migraciones.

Suggested Citation

  • Ricardo Montero & Gustavo Yamada, 2011. "Raza, corrupción y acceso a servicios públicos en el Perú : ¿exclusión o discriminación?," Working Papers 11-03, Centro de Investigación, Universidad del Pacífico.
    • Handle: RePEc:pai:wpaper:11-03
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Hunt, Jennifer, 2004. "Trust and Bribery: The Role of the Quid Pro Quo and the Link With Crime," CEPR Discussion Papers 4567, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    3. Anonymous, 1947. "International Monetary Fund," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 1(2), pages 358-358, June.
    4. James Heckman, 2013. "Sample selection bias as a specification error," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 31(3), pages 129-137.
    5. Anonymous, 1947. "International Monetary Fund," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 1(3), pages 525-526, September.
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    As found by EconAcademics.org, the blog aggregator for Economics research:
    1. Raza, corrupción y acceso a servicios públicos en el Perú: ¿Exclusión o discriminación?
      by Maximo Rossi in Wikiprogress América Latina on 2012-01-20 21:19:00

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