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Dynamique de pauvreté et inégalité de la mortalité des enfants au Burkina Faso

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  • Jean-Pierre Lachaud

    (Groupe d'Economie du Développement Université Montesquieu Bordeaux IV)

Abstract

Based on the demographic and health surveys of Burkina Faso of 1992-93 and 1998-99, present study proposes to analyse the importance and evolution of the inequality of child mortality, and the relations which prevail between the latter and poverty. Firstly, there is an opposite relation between the standard of living of the households, apprehended in terms of assets, and the child mortality, a result specified using the concentration curves and indices, indicating that an inequality of the infant and under-five mortality «pro-rich» prevails in Burkina Faso. In addition, the inequalities in terms of infant and under-five mortality are relatively similar. Secondly, between 1992-93 and 1998-99,the evolution of the values of the concentration indices – statistically significant –, suggests that the inequality of the infant and under-five mortality slightly declined. This result is, a priori, coherent with the fact that poverty has, on the whole, slightly decreased between 1992-93 and 1998-99. Thirdly, the child mortality rates vary considerably according to the areas – in 1998-99, the infant and under-five mortality rates are approximately twice higher in the majority of the rural areas,except North, compared to the capital, just like the disparities of evolution during years1990: (i) reduction in the capital and the rural area of North; (ii) quasi-stagnation in the rural areas of the East and the West; (iii) small increase in the area of the Center-South. Nevertheless, the evolution of the inequality of child mortality is not necessarily related to the dynamics of the level of the child mortality. For example, in the capital, the reduction of the level of the child mortality was associated with an increase in the inequality of mortality.Fourthly, in fact, the inequality of the infant and under-five mortality increased in areas where poverty increased, in fact in the capital. However, in all the other zones where the ratioand/or the intensity of the poverty of the households dropped, the inequality of child mortalitytended to stagnate or decline. This result is confirmed by the apprehension of the dynamics of the monetary deprivation, based on the surveys of 1994-95 and 1998. In addition, the inequality of mortality tended to increase in the zones where precisely the inequality was already relatively high, in particular the capital. (Full text in French)

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Pierre Lachaud, 2001. "Dynamique de pauvreté et inégalité de la mortalité des enfants au Burkina Faso," Documents de travail 66, Groupe d'Economie du Développement de l'Université Montesquieu Bordeaux IV.
    • Handle: RePEc:mon:ceddtr:66
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jean-Pierre Lachaud, 2001. "Bien-être des ménages et pauvreté au Burkina Faso. Dépenses versus actifs : choix pragmatique ou conceptuel ?," Documents de travail 56, Groupe d'Economie du Développement de l'Université Montesquieu Bordeaux IV.
    2. Sahn, David E. & Stifel, David C., 2000. "Poverty Comparisons Over Time and Across Countries in Africa," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 28(12), pages 2123-2155, December.
    3. Sen, Amartya, 1998. "Mortality as an Indicator of Economic Success and Failure," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 108(446), pages 1-25, January.
    4. Cowell, Frank A., 1989. "Sampling variance and decomposable inequality measures," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 42(1), pages 27-41, September.
    5. Kakwani, Nanak & Wagstaff, Adam & van Doorslaer, Eddy, 1997. "Socioeconomic inequalities in health: Measurement, computation, and statistical inference," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 77(1), pages 87-103, March.
    6. Filmer, Deon & Pritchett, Lant, 1998. "The effect of household wealth on educational attainment : demographic and health survey evidence," Policy Research Working Paper Series 1980, The World Bank.
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    Cited by:

    1. Nouve, Kofi & Bambio, Yiriyibin & Kabore, Samuel & Wodon, Quentin, 2010. "Risque et mesures de la pauvreté rurale au Burkina Faso [Risk and Measures of Rural Poverty in Burkina Faso]," MPRA Paper 34374, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • I12 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health Behavior
    • I31 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - General Welfare, Well-Being
    • I32 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty

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