IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/mlt/wpaper/0514.html

A multivariate filter to estimate potential output and NAIRU for the Maltese economy

Author

Listed:
  • Brain Micallef

    (Central Bank of Malta)

Abstract

This paper applies a multivariate filter on a small macroeconomic model to derive estimates of Malta’s potential output growth, the output gap and NAIRU. These unobservable variables are derived from a system that accounts for the interactions between output, core inflation, unemployment and foreign demand, the latter reflecting the structural characteristics of Malta as a small and open economy. The model is estimated using Bayesian inference methods on quarterly data for the period 1999-2013. The estimates from the multivariate filter are compared with those derived from a univariate filter and production function approaches. The economic and financial crisis of 2009 had a negative impact on Malta’s growth potential, although there are tentative signs of a gradual recovery in 2013. On the contrary, the crisis had no permanent impact on NAIRU.

Suggested Citation

  • Brain Micallef, "undated". "A multivariate filter to estimate potential output and NAIRU for the Maltese economy," CBM Working Papers WP/05/2014, Central Bank of Malta.
    • Handle: RePEc:mlt:wpaper:0514
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.centralbankmalta.org/file.aspx?f=1091
    File Function: First version, 2014
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Marianne Baxter & Robert G. King, 1999. "Measuring Business Cycles: Approximate Band-Pass Filters For Economic Time Series," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 81(4), pages 575-593, November.
    2. Nikola Bokan & Rafael Ravnik, 2012. "Estimating Potential Output in the Republic of Croatia Using a Multivariate Filter," Working Papers 35, The Croatian National Bank, Croatia.
    3. Berger, Tino & Kempa, Bernd, 2014. "Time-varying equilibrium rates in small open economies: Evidence for Canada," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 39(PA), pages 203-214.
    4. Mr. Tetsuya Konuki, 2008. "Estimating Potential Output and the Output Gap in Slovakia," IMF Working Papers 2008/275, International Monetary Fund.
    5. Vitor Constancio & Ana Cristina Leal & Mário Centeno & Nuno Alves & Isabel Correia & Sandra Gomes & João Sousa & Vanda Almeida & Gabriela Castro & Ricardo Mourinho Félix & Carlos Robalo Marques & Fern, . "The Portuguese Economy in the Context of Economic, Financial and Monetary Integration," Books, Banco de Portugal, Economics and Research Department, number bk200901.
    6. Patrick Blagrave & Mr. Roberto Garcia-Saltos & Mr. Douglas Laxton & Fan Zhang, 2015. "A Simple Multivariate Filter for Estimating Potential Output," IMF Working Papers 2015/079, International Monetary Fund.
    7. Åsa Johansson & Yvan Guillemette & Fabrice Murtin & David Turner & Giuseppe Nicoletti & Christine de la Maisonneuve & Philip Bagnoli & Guillaume Bousquet & Francesca Spinelli, 2013. "Long-Term Growth Scenarios," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 1000, OECD Publishing.
    8. Mr. Jaromir Benes & Mr. Papa M N'Diaye, 2004. "A Multivariate Filter for Measuring Potential Output and the NAIRU Application to the Czech Republic," IMF Working Papers 2004/045, International Monetary Fund.
    9. Vetlov, Igor & Pisani, Massimiliano & Hlédik, Tibor & Jonsson, Magnus & Kucsera, Henrik, 2011. "Potential output in DSGE models," Working Paper Series 1351, European Central Bank.
    10. Lawrence J. Christiano & Terry J. Fitzgerald, 2003. "The Band Pass Filter," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 44(2), pages 435-465, May.
    11. Igor Ermolaev & Michel Juillard & Ioan Carabenciov & Charles Freedman & Mr. Douglas Laxton & Mr. Ondrej Kamenik & Dmitry Korshunov, 2008. "A Small Quarterly Projection Model of the US Economy," IMF Working Papers 2008/278, International Monetary Fund.
    12. Vanhala, Juuso & Bonthuis, Boele & Jarvis, Valerie, 2013. "What’s going on behind the euro area Beveridge curve(s)?," Working Paper Series 1586, European Central Bank.
    13. Frank Smets & Rafael Wouters, 2007. "Shocks and Frictions in US Business Cycles: A Bayesian DSGE Approach," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 97(3), pages 586-606, June.
    14. Peter K. Clark, 1987. "The Cyclical Component of U. S. Economic Activity," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 102(4), pages 797-814.
    15. Hodrick, Robert J & Prescott, Edward C, 1997. "Postwar U.S. Business Cycles: An Empirical Investigation," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 29(1), pages 1-16, February.
    16. Vanda Almeida, 2009. "Bayesian estimation of a DSGE model for the Portuguese economy," Working Papers w200914, Banco de Portugal, Economics and Research Department.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. is not listed on IDEAS
    2. M. Skrypnychenko & H. Yatsenko, 2018. "An instrumental analysis of GDP gap in Ukraine," Economy and Forecasting, Valeriy Heyets, issue 1, pages 58-78.
    3. Brian Micallef, 2017. "Empirical Estimates of Okun¡¯s Law in Malta," Applied Economics and Finance, Redfame publishing, vol. 4(1), pages 138-148, January.
    4. Ian Borg, "undated". "The length of stay of foreign workers in Malta," CBM Policy Papers PP/01/2019, Central Bank of Malta.
    5. Brian Micallef, 2017. "A Sectoral Supply-Side Model to Assess the Impact of Labour Market Reforms in Malta," International Journal of Economics and Finance, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 9(4), pages 105-118, April.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Polbin, Andrey & Skrobotov, Anton, 2017. "Спектральная Оценка Компоненты Бизнес Цикла Ввп России С Учетом Высокой Зависимости От Условий Торговли [Spectral estimation of the business cycle component of the Russian GDP under high dependence," MPRA Paper 78667, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Luca Benati, 2001. "Band-pass filtering, cointegration, and business cycle analysis," Bank of England working papers 142, Bank of England.
    3. Öğünç, Fethi & Akdoğan, Kurmaş & Başer, Selen & Chadwick, Meltem Gülenay & Ertuğ, Dilara & Hülagü, Timur & Kösem, Sevim & Özmen, Mustafa Utku & Tekatlı, Necati, 2013. "Short-term inflation forecasting models for Turkey and a forecast combination analysis," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 312-325.
    4. Bechný Jakub, 2019. "Output gap in the Czech economy: DSGE approach," Review of Economic Perspectives, Sciendo, vol. 19(2), pages 137-156, June.
    5. Ali Alichi, 2015. "A New Methodology for Estimating the Output Gap in the United States," IMF Working Papers 2015/144, International Monetary Fund.
    6. Hansen, G.D. & Ohanian, L.E., 2016. "Neoclassical Models in Macroeconomics," Handbook of Macroeconomics, in: J. B. Taylor & Harald Uhlig (ed.), Handbook of Macroeconomics, edition 1, volume 2, chapter 0, pages 2043-2130, Elsevier.
    7. Robert J. Hodrick, 2020. "An Exploration of Trend-Cycle Decomposition Methodologies in Simulated Data," NBER Working Papers 26750, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    8. Athanasios Orphanides & Simon van Norden, 2002. "The Unreliability of Output-Gap Estimates in Real Time," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 84(4), pages 569-583, November.
    9. Mitra, Aruni, 2024. "The productivity puzzle and the decline of unions," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    10. Patrick Blagrave & Marika Santoro, 2016. "Estimating Potential Output in Chile: A Multivariate Filter for Mining and Non-Mining Sectors," IMF Working Papers 2016/201, International Monetary Fund.
    11. Rodríguez, Gabriel, 2010. "Using A Forward-Looking Phillips Curve to Estimate the Output Gap in Peru," Review of Applied Economics, Lincoln University, Department of Financial and Business Systems, vol. 6(01-2), pages 1-13, April.
    12. Breuer, Sebastian & Elstner, Steffen, 2017. "Die Wachstumsperspektiven der deutschen Wirtschaft vor dem Hintergrund des demografischen Wandels: Die Mittelfristprojektion des Sachverständigenrates," Working Papers 07/2017, German Council of Economic Experts / Sachverständigenrat zur Begutachtung der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Entwicklung.
    13. Humala, Alberto & Rodríguez, Gabriel, 2009. "Estimation of a Time Varying Natural Interest Rate for Peru," Working Papers 2009-009, Banco Central de Reserva del Perú.
    14. YANO Koiti, 2010. "Time-varying Analysis of Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Models Based on Sequential Monte Carlo Methods," ESRI Discussion paper series 231, Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI).
    15. Álvarez, Luis J. & Gómez-Loscos, Ana, 2018. "A menu on output gap estimation methods," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 40(4), pages 827-850.
    16. Proietti, Tommaso, 2007. "Signal extraction and filtering by linear semiparametric methods," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 52(2), pages 935-958, October.
    17. Buncic, Daniel & Müller, Oliver, 2017. "Measuring the output gap in Switzerland with linear opinion pools," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 153-171.
    18. Sun Xiaojin & Tsang Kwok Ping, 2019. "What cycles? Data detrending in DSGE models," Studies in Nonlinear Dynamics & Econometrics, De Gruyter, vol. 23(3), pages 1-23, June.
    19. Xiaoyu Zhang & Fanghui Pan, 2019. "The Dependence of China’s Monetary Policy Rules on Interest Rate Regimes: Empirical Analysis Based on a Pseudo Output Gap," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-15, May.
    20. Urbina, Jilber, 2014. "Producto Potencial y Brecha del Producto en Nicaragua [Potential output and output gap in Nicaragua]," MPRA Paper 75592, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised Dec 2015.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory
    • H20 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - General
    • H50 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - General

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:mlt:wpaper:0514. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Emmanuel Cachia The email address of this maintainer does not seem to be valid anymore. Please ask Emmanuel Cachia to update the entry or send us the correct address (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.centralbankmalta.org/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.