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Subsidios al transporte público en América Latina desde una perspectiva de eficiencia: aplicación a Bogotá, Colombia

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  • Gómez Gélvez, Julian
  • Mojica, Carlos

Abstract

Este estudio busca evaluar el nivel de subsidio al transporte público que puede ser justicado desde una perspectiva de eficiencia en ciudades latinoamericanas. En una aplicación específica para Bogotá, Colombia, encontramos que altos niveles de subsidio solo se pueden justicar si la agencia de transporte público responde a aumentos en la demanda con aumentos casi proporcionales en la oferta de servicios. De lo contrario, el costo generado por un mayor hacinamiento en los buses supera los beneficios por reducción de tiempos de espera (efecto Mohring) y externalidades (congestión es la principal externalidad). Adicionalmente, una revisión de literatura identifica áreas en las que son necesarios estudios empíricos adicionales en la región para mejorar la calidad de los análisis de tarificación óptima en transporte. Estas áreas incluyen: 1) el efecto marginal de vehículos en congestión, 2) la elasticidad cruzada de las tarifas de transporte público al uso de vehículos particulares; y 3) el efecto de los precios de transporte en el mercado laboral.

Suggested Citation

  • Gómez Gélvez, Julian & Mojica, Carlos, 2022. "Subsidios al transporte público en América Latina desde una perspectiva de eficiencia: aplicación a Bogotá, Colombia," IDB Publications (Working Papers) 12260, Inter-American Development Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:idb:brikps:12260
    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004289
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Subsidios; Bogotá; Colombia;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H20 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - General
    • L91 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities - - - Transportation: General
    • R0 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General

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