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Disentangling the Greening of the Labour Market: The Role of Changing Occupations and Worker Flows

Author

Listed:
  • Bachmann, Ronald

    (RWI, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, IZA)

  • Janser, Markus

    (Institute for Employment Research (IAB), Nuremberg, Germany)

  • Lehmer, Florian

    (Institute for Employment Research (IAB), Nuremberg, Germany)

  • Vonnahme, Christina

    (RWI)

Abstract

"Using a text-mining approach applied to task descriptions of occupations together with worker-level administrative data, we explore the growth in the greenness of employment in Germany between 2012 and 2022. We first demonstrate that the greening of the labour market occurs both through an increase of green tasks and a decrease of brown tasks. Furthermore, the greening of occupations over time (“within-effect”) is at least as important for the overall greening of employment as shifting occupational employment shares (“between-effect”). Second, we show which occupations and which task types (brown or green) contribute most to the within-effect, and which worker flows are mainly responsible for the between-effect. Third, we investigate individual-level consequences of the greening of employment. We find that the employment prospects of foreign and of low-skilled workers are most at risk from the green transition, which may therefore increase existing labour-market inequalities." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Suggested Citation

  • Bachmann, Ronald & Janser, Markus & Lehmer, Florian & Vonnahme, Christina, 2024. "Disentangling the Greening of the Labour Market: The Role of Changing Occupations and Worker Flows," IAB-Discussion Paper 202412, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
    • Handle: RePEc:iab:iabdpa:202412
    DOI: 10.48720/IAB.DP.2412
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    Cited by:

    1. Bachmann, Ronald & Heinze, Inga & Klauser, Roman, 2025. "New jobs, new joys? Monetary and non-monetary returns to occupational mobility," Ruhr Economic Papers 1182, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen.
    2. Esther Arenas-Arroyo & Jacob Fabian & Friederike Mengel & Bernhard Schmidpeter & Michel Serafinelli, 2025. "Demand for Green Skills in an Evolving Landscape," Department of Economics Working Papers wuwp385, Vienna University of Economics and Business, Department of Economics.
    3. Bachmann, Ronald & Eßer, Jana & Fitzthum, Mirjam & Vonnahme, Christina, 2024. "Die ökologische Transformation des Arbeitsmarktes: Individuelle Betroffenheit und Erwartungen," RWI Materialien 170, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung.
    4. repec:ces:ceswps:_12110 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Luis Fernández Intriago & Sharan Burrow & Shouvik Chakraborty & Reza Daniels & Alan Finkelstein Shapiro & Helena Garcia & Raphael Heffron & Michael Jakob & Markus Janser & Suzi Kerr & Catherine Leinin, 2025. "Overcoming five key challenges to make the energy transition a just labor transition," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-3, December.
    6. Bachmann, Ronald & Heinze, Inga & Hörnig, Lukas & Klauser, Roman, 2025. "Erfolgreiche Jobwechsel. Wie berufliche Mobilität Einkommen und Arbeitszufriedenheit steigert," EconStor Books, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, number 322261 edited by Bertelsmann Stiftung, March.
    7. Villani, Davide & Fernández-Macías, Enrique & González-Vázquez, Ignacio & Oshafi, Vesna, 2026. "The grey shades of green jobs: Unpacking the occupational approach to green employment," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).

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    JEL classification:

    • J23 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Demand
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes
    • Q55 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environmental Economics: Technological Innovation
    • R23 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population

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