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Strategic Alliances in the Japanese Economy: Types, Critiques, Embeddedness, and Change

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  • Lincoln, James R.

Abstract

This paper provides an overview and interpretive analysis of the Japanese strategic alliance process. Both international and domestic alliances are considered, although the emphasis is on domestic partnerships. I argue that the domestic Japanese economy is "underallianced" relative to Japanese firms' extensive involvement in partnerships with foreign firms. This is particularly true if government-sponsored consortia and keiretsu-based tie-ups are excluded. Japanese companies appear, for a variety of institutional and cultural reasons, to have had some difficulty partnering with strangers and competitors and that has led to the formation of fewer synergistic and otherwise constructive intra-country cooperation arrangements than corporate Japan arguably needs. That pattern is changing, however, and there is evidence that the rate of intra-country alliances among Japanese firms is accelerating, particularly when the focus of the alliance is technology and innovation.

Suggested Citation

  • Lincoln, James R., 2009. "Strategic Alliances in the Japanese Economy: Types, Critiques, Embeddedness, and Change," CEI Working Paper Series 2008-19, Center for Economic Institutions, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University.
  • Handle: RePEc:hit:hitcei:2008-19
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    File URL: https://hermes-ir.lib.hit-u.ac.jp/hermes/ir/re/29294/WP2008-19.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gary Hamel, 1991. "Competition for competence and interpartner learning within international strategic alliances," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 12(S1), pages 83-103, June.
    2. Michael R. Darby & Lynne G. Zucker, 1999. "Local Academic Science Driving Organizational Change: The Adoption of Biotechnology by Japanese Firms," NBER Working Papers 7248, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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    Cited by:

    1. Masao Nakamura, 2015. "Economic Development and Business Groups in Asia: Japan’s Experience and Implications," International Advances in Economic Research, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 21(1), pages 81-103, March.

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