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La politique climatique change enfin de paradigme

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  • Michel Damian

    (équipe EDDEN - PACTE - Pacte, Laboratoire de sciences sociales - UPMF - Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 - UJF - Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 - IEPG - Sciences Po Grenoble - Institut d'études politiques de Grenoble - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

L'économie standard de l'environnement et de l'effet de serre - centrée sur la théorie des prix au détriment d'une économie de la production - a fait perdre deux décennies à la compréhension de la question climatique et a, en quelque sorte, bloqué la réflexion sur les voies de la décarbonisation. L'action collective a été engagée en 1992 avec la signature de la Convention sur les changements climatiques, puis mise en œuvre dans le cadre du Protocole de Kyoto à partir de 1997. Elle était fondée sur deux piliers : 1) un accord multilatéral contraignant susceptible de s'imposer un jour à tous les Etats et, 2) un marché international des gaz à effet de serre susceptible de minimiser le coût total de la réduction des émissions. Cette architecture " par le haut " est aujourd'hui dans une impasse. La thèse soutenue est que la politique pour préserver le climat change de paradigme. La nouvelle approche se focalise sur la production. Elle prend la forme d'une transition énergétique et industrielle de longue durée, très différemment envisagée d'un pays à l'autre. C'est une démarche " par le bas ", dans laquelle les politiques nationales, les réglementations, et les technologies à basse teneur en carbone, deviennent la pierre d'angle de la lutte contre le réchauffement. L'Accord climatique de Paris, qui devrait être signé en 2015, sera fondé sur les politiques nationales et entérinera ce changement de paradigme.

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  • Michel Damian, 2014. "La politique climatique change enfin de paradigme," Post-Print halshs-00969308, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00969308
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-00969308
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    Cited by:

    1. Berta, Nathalie, 2015. "Prix versus quantités : les contorsions du marché du carbone européen," Revue de la Régulation - Capitalisme, institutions, pouvoirs, Association Recherche et Régulation, vol. 18.
    2. repec:hal:wpaper:halshs-00990907 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Michel Damian, 2014. "Robert Stavins on the carbon-pricing regime, The New York Times, 1 June 2014: dodgy arguments," Post-Print hal-01092751, HAL.
    4. Michel Damian, 2014. "Robert stav ins on the carbon-pricing regime, the New York times , 1 june 2014: dodgy arguments," ECONOMICS AND POLICY OF ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2014(1), pages 53-61.
    5. Michel Damian, 2014. "Conférence climatique de Paris 2015 : que peut la diplomatie française ?," Post-Print halshs-00990907, HAL.
    6. Michel Damian & Luigi De Paoli, 2017. "Climate change: Back to development," ECONOMICS AND POLICY OF ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2017(3), pages 5-24.
    7. Michel Damian, 2016. "A new political economy of climate change," Post-Print hal-01334773, HAL.
    8. Michel Damian, 2015. "A new political economy of climate change," ECONOMICS AND POLICY OF ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2015(2), pages 5-14.
    9. Michel Damian & Luigi de Paoli, 2018. "Climate change: Back to development," Post-Print hal-01870974, HAL.

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    Keywords

    politique climatique; historique;

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