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Effet de la taille des hôpitaux sur la qualité des soins de santé

Author

Listed:
  • Anna Zaytseva
  • Benoît Bayenet
  • Ilan Tojerow

Abstract

Les hôpitaux sont les principaux fournisseurs de services de soins de santé. Ils représentent une part importante du budgetalloué par les pouvoirs publics aux politiques de santé. Durant les dernières décennies, leur nombre n’a cessé de diminuerdans les pays développés, mais avec comme corolaire une augmentation de leur taille moyenne. Ce constat estnotamment dû aux reformes de tarification mises en œuvre au début des années 2000 visant à réduire les dépenses etinciter la concurrence entre les hôpitaux en matière d’efficience de soins prodigués.De plus grandes structures devraient permettre une meilleure prise en charge pour les interventions chirurgicales –autrement dit il existerait une relation positive entre le volume d’activité et la qualité de soins. Pour les pathologiesnécessitant une intervention rapide, une relation inverse devrait être constatée, étant donné l’allongement des temps detrajets pour atteindre un hôpital. La distance est également un élément important à prendre en considération lors de laprise en charge des patients plus âgés et/ou défavorisés, pour lesquels l’hôpital de proximité est souvent le seul pointd’accès aux soins. En outre, la fermeture d’hôpitaux pourrait entraîner des conséquences négatives liées aux pertesd’emploi local dans des communes de plus petite taille qui ne bénéficieraient plus d’un hôpital.Tous ces éléments doivent être pris en compte par les décideurs politiques qui évaluent l’opportunité de nouvellesfermetures et fusions d’hôpitaux. Une piste de réflexion pourrait être l’amélioration de la coordination des soins entre leshôpitaux existants. Cette transformation du système hospitalier belge a été initiée par la création de réseauxlocorégionaux, dont toutes les possibilités n’ont toutefois pas encore été explorées.

Suggested Citation

  • Anna Zaytseva & Benoît Bayenet & Ilan Tojerow, 2023. "Effet de la taille des hôpitaux sur la qualité des soins de santé," Dulbea Policy Brief 23.06, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
  • Handle: RePEc:dul:bpaper:2013/393721
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    References listed on IDEAS

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