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Scheidung in Ost- und Westdeutschland: der Einfluss der Frauenerwerbstätigkeit auf die Ehestabilität

Author

Listed:
  • Karin Böttcher

    (Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany)

Abstract

Dieser Beitrag vergleicht die Ehestabilität ost- und westdeutscher Frauen vor der Wiedervereinigung im Jahr 1990. Es wird untersucht, in welchem Ausmaß sich die Frauen beider Länder in Bezug auf das Risiko, eine erste Scheidung zu erfahren, unterschieden haben und auf welche Faktoren diese Unterschiede zurückzuführen sind. Im Mittelpunkt steht dabei der Einfluss der Frauenerwerbstätigkeit auf die Ehestabilität. Während der DDR, im Hinblick auf die Erwerbsbeteiligung der Frau, ein egalitäres Rollenverständnis zugrunde lag, unterstützten die gesellschaftlichen und institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen der BRD das traditionelle Modell eines männlichen Hauptverdieners. Die Gegensätzlichkeit dieser Rollenmuster ermöglicht es, zu untersuchen, ob hinsichtlich des Zusammenhangs von Frauenerwerbstätigkeit und Ehestabilität zwischen traditionell und egalitär ausgerichteten Gesellschaften Unterschiede bestehen. Die empirischen Analysen auf der Basis des deutschen „Family and Fertility Survey“ (1992) zeigen ein signifikant höheres Scheidungsrisiko ostdeutscher Frauen, welches in erster Linie auf die geringere Verbreitung religiöser Bindungen, den höheren Anteil von Frauen, die bereits eine Scheidung in der Elterngeneration erlebt haben und die höhere Frauenerwerbsbeteiligung in der DDR zurückzuführen ist. In beiden Ländern war die Erwerbstätigkeit der Frau mit einem höheren Scheidungsrisiko verbunden, der Effekt war in der BRD jedoch stärker als in der DDR. Diese Untersuchung liefert somit Beweise für einen schwächeren negativen Zusammenhang von Frauenerwerbstätigkeit und Ehestabilität in Gesellschaften, in denen egalitäre anstelle von traditionellen Rollenerwartungen dominieren.

Suggested Citation

  • Karin Böttcher, 2006. "Scheidung in Ost- und Westdeutschland: der Einfluss der Frauenerwerbstätigkeit auf die Ehestabilität," MPIDR Working Papers WP-2006-016, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany.
  • Handle: RePEc:dem:wpaper:wp-2006-016
    DOI: 10.4054/MPIDR-WP-2006-016
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    JEL classification:

    • J1 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics
    • Z0 - Other Special Topics - - General

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