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Social aspects of the decrease in working hours in 19th century France

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  • Bourdieu, Jérôme
  • Reynaud, Bénédicte

Abstract

In 19th century France, the long working hours produced worse conditions for the working classes. In our perspective, and that is new, the labour market produced massive externalities which it could not control. In our view, and it is the purpose of this paper, the analysis of the process of decreasing working hours, consists of identifying the consequences of very long working hours as externalities. The first part is devoted to the reasons why workers did not succeed at first to decrease their working hours: the authority of employers and the lack of social institutions which would have given collective weight to their actions. In a second part, we sustain that internalisation of externalities cannot be achieved without a collective effort to provide information and to produce new concepts of working hours. This historical analysis shows that only interests supported by collective forces are defended.

Suggested Citation

  • Bourdieu, Jérôme & Reynaud, Bénédicte, 1999. "Social aspects of the decrease in working hours in 19th century France," CEPREMAP Working Papers (Couverture Orange) 9912, CEPREMAP.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpm:cepmap:9912
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Voth, Hans-Joachim, 1998. "Time and Work in Eighteenth-Century London," The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, vol. 58(1), pages 29-58, March.
    2. Bénédicte Reynaud, 2013. "L'invention du chômage," Regards croisés sur l'économie, La Découverte, vol. 0(1), pages 11-20.
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    Cited by:

    1. Shirkosh, Mehdi, 2005. "The Case for an International Minimum Wage in the Context of Free Trade," MPRA Paper 2463, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • H23 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Externalities; Redistributive Effects; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies
    • J7 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Discrimination
    • J22 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Time Allocation and Labor Supply
    • J5 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining
    • N33 - Economic History - - Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, Religion, and Philanthropy - - - Europe: Pre-1913

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