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Politica Econ�Mica E Instituciones

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  • Miguel Urrutia Montoya

Abstract

Es evidente la preocupaci�n actual entre analistas y responsables de la pol�tica econ�mica colombiana por las finanzas p�blicas del pa�s. La preocupaci�n tiene dos dimensiones: Las perspectivas sobre la suerte futura del d�ficit del sector p�blico asociada a los ingresos y erogaciones del sistema de seguridad social, y el crecimiento casi continuo del gasto p�blico total, m�s intenso que el del producto interno bruto, por lo menos desde los a�os 50. Puesto que el pa�s ha venido soportando una o dos reformas tributarias por cuatrienio gubernamental en los �ltimos decenios, incluyendo en una de las m�s recientes el aumento de las cotizaciones a la seguridad social, la percepci�n general entre quienes tienen la mencionada preocupaci�n parece inclinarse hacia el examen del gasto p�blico, sin duda con la esperanza de que el freno a su expansi�n y algunos cambios en su composici�n permitan que la situaci�n fiscal permanezca bajo control. � Por qu� ha crecido el gasto p�blico? En las p�ginas siguientes se ofrece una respuesta. Pero la respuesta es apenas, una conjetura y se ubica en un nivel de abstracci�n bastante alto, quiz�s excesivamente alto a juicio de los lectores. Con todo, creo que la respuesta es �til para tratar de estimular nuevas reflexiones en vista de que tradicionalmente se ha considerado, en Colombia, que el gasto p�blico es un dato ex�geno, desde el punto de vista del economista, y que el gobierno es un ser benevolente que s�lo por insuficiente informaci�n, "desgre�o administrativo" e imposiciones jur�dicas podr�a ejecutar un gasto p�blico excesivo o ineficiente (1). Eso en cuanto al contenido. Por su forma, este documento es una nota acad�mica. En el cuerpo central la nota se expresa de manera informal y, aparentemente, m�s sencilla. En el anexo toma forma matem�tica. (1) Esta Hip�tesis es reiterada a lo largo del "Mensaje de la Comisi�n de Racionalizaci�n" (1996).

Suggested Citation

  • Miguel Urrutia Montoya, 1996. "Politica Econ�Mica E Instituciones," Borradores de Economia 3332, Banco de la Republica.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000094:003332
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    6. Carlos A. Medina D. & Hernando Moreno G., 1995. "Desigualdad en la distribución del ingreso urbano en Colombia: un análisis de descomposición del coeficiente Gini," Coyuntura Social 13224, Fedesarrollo.
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    Cited by:

    1. Carlos Esteban Posada P., 1997. "Los Mercados de Instituciones y las Instituciones End�genas," Borradores de Economia 3174, Banco de la Republica.
    2. Carlos Esteban Posada, 1998. "Los mercados de instituciones y las instituciones endogenas," Lecturas de Economía, Universidad de Antioquia, Departamento de Economía, issue 48, pages 149-168, Enero Jun.
    3. Mauricio Cárdenas & Roberto Junguito B. & Mónica Pachón B., 2006. "Political Institutions and Policy Outcomes in Colombia : the Effects of the 1991 Constitution," Coyuntura Económica, Fedesarrollo, June.
    4. Sandra Patricia Martinez Tapias & Christian Fresard Briones, 1999. "Flujos de capitales en America Latina, 1990-1998," Lecturas de Economía, Universidad de Antioquia, Departamento de Economía, issue 50, pages 165-194, Enero Jun.

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