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Penalidad a la maternidad: evidencia en el mercado laboral colombiano

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  • Nata Daniela Caro Guevara

Abstract

La persistencia de las desigualdades de género en el mercado laboral es un fenómeno generalizado. Uno de los factores relevantes que explica la persistencia de estas diferencias en el mercado laboral es la maternidad. A partir de una serie de encuestas en hogares, se estima el efecto de la tenencia de hijos/as por primera vez en indicadores de trabajo remunerado y no remunerado, por género. Los resultados muestran que el nacimiento del primer hijo/a reduce la participación y las horas trabajadas a la semana de las madres, aumenta su tasa de informalidad y ocupación por cuenta propia y disminuye su ocupación como asalariada. Los resultados para los padres muestran un aumento en la participación y horas trabajadas. Además, se evidencia un aumento significativo y prolongado en el número de horas que dedican las madres a labores no remuneradas. Estos resultados sugieren que el reparto inequitativo de las cargas asociadas a la crianza de hijos/as lleva a una deserción de las madres en el mercado laboral o, paralelamente, a una transición a ocupaciones informales.

Suggested Citation

  • Nata Daniela Caro Guevara, 2023. "Penalidad a la maternidad: evidencia en el mercado laboral colombiano," Documentos CEDE 20654, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000089:020654
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Henrik Kleven & Camille Landais & Jakob Egholt Søgaard, 2021. "Does Biology Drive Child Penalties? Evidence from Biological and Adoptive Families," American Economic Review: Insights, American Economic Association, vol. 3(2), pages 183-198, June.
    2. Nikolay Angelov & Per Johansson & Erica Lindahl, 2016. "Parenthood and the Gender Gap in Pay," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 34(3), pages 545-579.
    3. Marc Teignier & David Cuberes, 2014. "Aggregate Costs of Gender Gaps in the Labor Market: A Quantitative Estimate," UB School of Economics Working Papers 2014/308, University of Barcelona School of Economics.
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J46 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Particular Labor Markets - - - Informal Labor Market

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