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The Credit Channel of Acute vs Chronic Climate Change-Related Risk

Author

Listed:
  • Skander Maraoui
  • Olivier de Bandt

Abstract

Nous construisons un panel entreprise-banque portant sur des microentreprises et des PME françaises mono-établissement sur la période 2010-2023 afin d’examiner l’impact différencié du réchauffement chronique et des épisodes de chaleur extrême sur l’offre de crédit bancaire. Nos résultats montrent que tant la hausse des températures moyennes que les épisodes aigus de chaleur réduisent significativement la croissance des prêts, principalement à travers les crédits à moyen et long termes. Les banques réagissent toutefois différemment à ces deux dimensions du risque climatique. Afin de distinguer les effets d’offre et de demande, nous analysons les dynamiques sectorielles et mettons en évidence une forte hétérogénéité selon les maturités et les secteurs d’activité. Alors que les secteurs du commerce, des transports, de loisirs et de l’industrie sont affectés par les deux types de chocs, des secteurs comme l’immobilier, la construction ou les services apparaissent davantage sensibles aux chocs de chaleur aiguë. Les résultats sont robustes à l’utilisation de mesures alternatives de l’exposition thermique ainsi qu’à l’inclusion des notations de crédit. Cela suggère que l’exposition aux températures constitue un facteur de risque supplémentaire, encore imparfaitement pris en compte par les dispositifs traditionnels d’évaluation du risque de crédit.

Suggested Citation

  • Skander Maraoui & Olivier de Bandt, 2026. "The Credit Channel of Acute vs Chronic Climate Change-Related Risk," Working papers 1048, Banque de France.
  • Handle: RePEc:bfr:banfra:1048
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • C23 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • D22 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Firm Behavior: Empirical Analysis
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • L25 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Firm Performance
    • Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming

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