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Cambio tecnológico sesgado: Desigualdad, crecimiento económico y política fiscal

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  • Oscar Iván Ávila

Abstract

Durante las últimas décadas el incremento en la desigualdad experimentado por algunas economías desarrolladas ha estado relacionado con la adopción de tecnologías que utilizan intensivamente la mano de obra calificada. En este documento se plantea un modelo teórico en el que se recoge parte de la evidencia empírica sobre los efectos del cambio tecnológico sesgado sobre el crecimiento y la desigualdad. De igual forma, se analiza la efectividad de la política pública para suavizar los efectos negativos del cambio tecnológico sobre la brecha salarial y aprovechar sus bondades, en términos de crecimiento. Los resultados del modelo evidencian que ante un choque tecnológico, una política fiscal eficiente permite alcanzar un equilibrio de largo plazo con mayor expansión del PIB y menor brecha salarial que en la situación inicial.

Suggested Citation

  • Oscar Iván Ávila, 2013. "Cambio tecnológico sesgado: Desigualdad, crecimiento económico y política fiscal," Borradores de Economia 769, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    • Handle: RePEc:bdr:borrec:769
    DOI: 10.32468/be.769
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • O3 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • O40 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - General
    • E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory

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