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Quantification of Risk in Classical Models of Finance

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  • Alois Pichler
  • Ruben Schlotter

Abstract

This paper enhances the pricing of derivatives as well as optimal control problems to a level comprising risk. We employ nested risk measures to quantify risk, investigate the limiting behavior of nested risk measures within the classical models in finance and characterize existence of the risk-averse limit. As a result we demonstrate that the nested limit is unique, irrespective of the initially chosen risk measure. Within the classical models risk aversion gives rise to a stream of risk premiums, comparable to dividend payments. In this context we connect coherent risk measures with the Sharpe ratio from modern portfolio theory and extract the Z-spread -- a widely accepted quantity in economics to hedge risk. The results for European option pricing are then extended to risk-averse American options, where we study the impact of risk on the price as well as the optimal time to exercise the option. We also extend Merton's optimal consumption problem to the risk-averse setting.

Suggested Citation

  • Alois Pichler & Ruben Schlotter, 2020. "Quantification of Risk in Classical Models of Finance," Papers 2004.04397, arXiv.org, revised Feb 2021.
    • Handle: RePEc:arx:papers:2004.04397
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Robert C. Merton, 2005. "Theory of rational option pricing," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Sudipto Bhattacharya & George M Constantinides (ed.), Theory Of Valuation, chapter 8, pages 229-288, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
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    5. Garman, Mark B. & Kohlhagen, Steven W., 1983. "Foreign currency option values," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 2(3), pages 231-237, December.
    6. Georg Ch Pflug & Werner Römisch, 2007. "Modeling, Measuring and Managing Risk," World Scientific Books, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., number 6478, January.
    7. Andy Philpott & Vitor de Matos & Erlon Finardi, 2013. "On Solving Multistage Stochastic Programs with Coherent Risk Measures," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 61(4), pages 957-970, August.
    8. Philpott, A.B. & de Matos, V.L., 2012. "Dynamic sampling algorithms for multi-stage stochastic programs with risk aversion," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 218(2), pages 470-483.
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