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Cartographie du commerce agricole au sein de la CEDEAO : structure et flux des produits agricoles, obstacles au commerce, lacunes en matière de financement et options politiques.Un projet de recherche en coopération avec la GIZ pour le compte du BMZ

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  • Kareem, Olayinka Idowu
  • Wieck, Christine

Abstract

Cette étude examine la structure et le flux du commerce agroalimentaire formel et informel au sein de la CEDEAO et évalue les barrières commerciales et les lacunes en matière d'infrastructures financières et qualitatives. Une approche mixte - méthodes qualitatives et quantitatives - est adoptée qui comprend une revue extensive de la littérature, une analyse des données statistiques disponibles sur le commerce formel et informel et les barrières commerciales, une enquête de terrain, des interviews d'experts et des ateliers. Le commerce agroalimentaire intra-CEDEAO reste à un niveau faible, la plupart des produits agroalimentaires échangés n'ayant pas de valeur ajoutée et étant caractérisés par une diversification inadéquate de la base d'exportation. On constate une prépondérance du commerce agroalimentaire informel le long des corridors commerciaux formels et informels. Le bétail, les graines oléagineuses, les graines de coton, les noix, les fèves de cacao, les céréales, le manioc, la pêche, les fruits et les légumes sont les produits agroalimentaires les plus échangés, qui ne bénéficient d'aucune concession de passage ou de facilitation aux frontières malgré le caractère périssable de ces produits. Les flux commerciaux agroalimentaires dans la CEDEAO sont largement entravés par l'hétérogénéité des mesures de politique commerciale dans les États membres. Cela constitue souvent une barrière au commerce et tend à augmenter les coûts commerciaux et les prix des produits de base, limitant ainsi les avantages du commerce régional pour les populations tout en rendant les pays commerçants non compétitifs. Les femmes commerçantes de produits agroalimentaires sont souvent exploitées et harcelées par les fonctionnaires des différentes frontières. De plus, le faible commerce intra-CEDEAO des produits agricoles et alimentaires est dû aux faibles capacités de production, qui sont notamment dues à l'insuffisance des financements, à la mauvaise qualité des infrastructures - douces (inspecteurs formés, numérisation des procédures douanières, certification, etc.) et dures (installations de métrologie, routes, installations portuaires, laboratoires de test et d'inspection, etc.) Le financement du commerce agricole a été identifié comme l'un des principaux obstacles au commerce des produits agricoles dans cette sous-région. Des options politiques stratégiques pour promouvoir le commerce agroalimentaire au sein de la CEDEAO sont fournies.

Suggested Citation

  • Kareem, Olayinka Idowu & Wieck, Christine, 2022. "Cartographie du commerce agricole au sein de la CEDEAO : structure et flux des produits agricoles, obstacles au commerce, lacunes en matière de financement et options politiques.Un projet de recherche," Working Papers 316973, Universitaet Hohenheim, Institute of Agricultural Policy and Agricultural Markets.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:uhgewp:316973
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.316973
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    References listed on IDEAS

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