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Protected Areas' Impacts Upon Land Cover Within Mexico: the need to add politics and dynamics to static land-use economics

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Listed:
  • Pfaff, Alexander
  • Santiago-Avila, Francisco
  • Carnovale, Maria
  • Joppa, Lucas

Abstract

Incentives for REDD − i.e., reductions in emissions from deforestation and degradation − motivate application of static economic modeling of land use to assess heterogeneity over space in the business-as-usual baselines for land use required for forest policy evaluations. That some forested locations face higher threats is now recognized as an important factor in the evaluation and targeting of policy. Given this point − now often included in impact evaluation via matching − further theory is required to explain variations in policy impact. We show this need by analyzing impacts of Mexican protected areas (PAs) on land cover. Applying static land-use economics improves the baselines for our impact estimation and we find, on average, a 2.5% lower rate of 2000-05 natural land cover loss within the PAs. Stricter PAs appear closer to cities and have greater impact (4.4%) than less strict (2.3%), yet static baselines do not explain why. Nor do they explain why impact gradients by type differ across countries, or why PA spillovers vary across states − as we show for Mexico. We suggest an initial political economy model of impacts by type of PA and also provide examples of the economic and political dynamics required to understand PAs' spillovers.

Suggested Citation

  • Pfaff, Alexander & Santiago-Avila, Francisco & Carnovale, Maria & Joppa, Lucas, 2014. "Protected Areas' Impacts Upon Land Cover Within Mexico: the need to add politics and dynamics to static land-use economics," 2014 Annual Meeting, July 27-29, 2014, Minneapolis, Minnesota 177195, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:aaea14:177195
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.177195
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Alexander Pfaff & Gregory S. Amacher & Erin O. Sills, 2013. "Realistic REDD: Improving the Forest Impacts of Domestic Policies in Different Settings," Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 7(1), pages 114-135, January.
    2. Alexander Pfaff & Juan Robalino, 2012. "Protecting forests, biodiversity, and the climate: predicting policy impact to improve policy choice," Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Oxford University Press and Oxford Review of Economic Policy Limited, vol. 28(1), pages 164-179, Spring.
    3. Pfaff, Alexander & Robalino, Juan & Lima, Eirivelthon & Sandoval, Catalina & Herrera, Luis Diego, 2014. "Governance, Location and Avoided Deforestation from Protected Areas: Greater Restrictions Can Have Lower Impact, Due to Differences in Location," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 7-20.
    4. Pfaff Alexander & Robalino Juan & Sanchez-Azofeifa G. Arturo & Andam Kwaw S & Ferraro Paul J, 2009. "Park Location Affects Forest Protection: Land Characteristics Cause Differences in Park Impacts across Costa Rica," The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 9(2), pages 1-26, July.
    5. Todd M. Johnson & Claudio Alatorre & Zayra Romo & Feng Liu, 2010. "Low-Carbon Development for Mexico," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 2398, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Gwenolé Le Velly & Céline Dutilly, 2016. "Evaluating Payments for Environmental Services: Methodological Challenges," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(2), pages 1-20, February.
    2. Sims, Katharine R.E. & Alix-Garcia, Jennifer M., 2017. "Parks versus PES: Evaluating direct and incentive-based land conservation in Mexico," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 8-28.
    3. Figueroa, Daniela & Galeana-Pizaña, J. Mauricio & Núñez, Juan Manuel & Anzaldo Gómez, Carlos & Hernández-Castro, J. Roberto & Sánchez-Ramírez, María del Mar & Garduño, Andrea, 2021. "Assessing drivers and deterrents of deforestation in Mexico through a public policy tool. The adequacy of the index of economic pressure for deforestation," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).

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    Keywords

    Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Land Economics/Use;
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