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“Que se vayan todos”: Null and Blank Votes in Argentine Provinces (1983-2007)

Author

Listed:
  • Guillermina Marto
  • Leandro Nallar

Abstract

After the restoration of democracy in Argentina, invalid votes equivalent to the sum of null and blank votes, far from representing insignificant issues, were able to powerfully twist the result of the winner in several governor elections. We estimate a Panel Corrected Standard Errors for 22 Argentine provinces between 1983-2007 for null and blank votes. My main motivation is to find the di↵erent incidences of three sets of variables: economic, social and political for each kind of invalid votes. The unemployment rate, crime rate, and reelection are the key variables in the model, but measures for education, electoral competition, and economic framework are included. Most of the variables present opposite e↵ects on null and blank votes. While the relation of unemployment and crime rate with null votes follows a withdrawal e↵ect, blank votes are related to these variables consistent with a mobilization e↵ect. However, when the crime rate has interacted with reelection the patterns of crime seem to be reversed, but unemployment maintains the sign.

Suggested Citation

  • Guillermina Marto & Leandro Nallar, 2019. "“Que se vayan todos”: Null and Blank Votes in Argentine Provinces (1983-2007)," Asociación Argentina de Economía Política: Working Papers 4172, Asociación Argentina de Economía Política.
    • Handle: RePEc:aep:anales:4172
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    File URL: https://aaep.org.ar/works/works2019/marto_nallar.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Meloni, Osvaldo, 2012. "Is there an electoral-motivated crime rate cycle? Evidence from Argentina," MPRA Paper 40177, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Matsusaka, John G & Palda, Filip, 1999. "Voter Turnout: How Much Can We Explain?," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 98(3-4), pages 431-446, March.
    3. Beck, Nathaniel & Katz, Jonathan N., 1995. "What To Do (and Not to Do) with Time-Series Cross-Section Data," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 89(3), pages 634-647, September.
    4. Osvaldo Meloni, 1997. "Empleo, desempleo y elecciones, el caso de la elección presidencial Argentina de 1995," Estudios de Economia, University of Chile, Department of Economics, vol. 24(1 Year 19), pages 119-133, June.
    5. Rodrigo Martins, 2017. "The Blank and the Null: An examination of non-conventional voting choices," CeBER Working Papers 2017-06, Centre for Business and Economics Research (CeBER), University of Coimbra.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Null Votes; Blank Votes; Elections; Argentine Provinces;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D72 - Microeconomics - - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making - - - Political Processes: Rent-seeking, Lobbying, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior
    • P16 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Capitalist Economies - - - Capitalist Institutions; Welfare State

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