IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/b/pid/pbooks/20227.html
   My bibliography  Save this book

RASTA Local Research, Local Solutions: Markets & Regulations, Volume V

Editor

Listed:
  • Nadeem Ul Haque
    (Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, Islamabad.)

  • Faheem Jehangir Khan
    (Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, Islamabad.)

Abstract

Khokhas are one of the key segments of the informal economy of Pakistan. The khokhas provide jobs to many people and provide easy access to consumers to various goods and services. However, on average, one observes a very unorganised and shabby structure of the khokhas across Pakistan. This raises the question of why this is the case. Is everyone allowed to start khokhas in any market in Pakistan or does there exist some legal framework? The analysis of the legal framework is important for understanding the barriers to entry and, thus, competition in the khokha market of Pakistan. In addition, we examined the behavioural side of the people associated in any capacity with the khokha markets. We aimed to provide an answer to the question of whether it is the legal side or the behavioural side of the associated people that deters them from entering the khokha market. For this purpose, we reviewed the legal framework and collected primary data from the owners of khokhas. We found that the legal framework is the dominant factor that deters them from entering the khokha market. There exists no legal framework to obtain a license for establishing khokha in the cities which were included in our study. Entrepreneurs set up the khokha with a constant fear of demolishment, fines, confiscation, and arrest. We also found that the harassment of current vendors from public authorities is a major behavioural barrier for prospective entrants. We propose a detailed set of policies that can be adopted for creating a formal legal framework for khokhas across Pakistan.

Suggested Citation

  • Nadeem Ul Haque & Faheem Jehangir Khan (ed.), 2022. "RASTA Local Research, Local Solutions: Markets & Regulations, Volume V," PIDE Books, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, number 2022:7, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:pid:pbooks:2022:7
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://file.pide.org.pk/uploads/book-rasta-local-research-local-solutions-markets-and-regulations-vol-5.pdf
    File Function: First Version, 2022
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Alkire, Sabina & Foster, James, 2011. "Counting and multidimensional poverty measurement," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 95(7-8), pages 476-487, August.
    2. Nasir Iqbal & Masood Sarwar Awan, 2015. "Determinants of Urban Poverty: The Case of Medium Sized City in Pakistan," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 54(4), pages 719-738.
    3. Nawaz, Saima & Iqbal, Nasir, 2021. "How cash transfers program affects environmental poverty among ultra-poor? Insights from the BISP in Pakistan," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 148(PB).
    4. Chen, Martha Alter. & Jhabvala, Renana. & Lund, F. J., 2002. "Supporting workers in the informal economy : a policy framework," ILO Working Papers 993541733402676, International Labour Organization.
    5. Diane Irankunda & Peter A.G. Van Bergeijk, 2020. "Financial Inclusion of Urban Street Vendors in Kigali," Journal of African Business, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(4), pages 529-543, October.
    6. Stephen L. Mehay & William R. Bowman, 2005. "Marital Status and Productivity: Evidence from Personnel Data," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 72(1), pages 63-77, July.
    7. Ziwen Sun & Simon Bell & Iain Scott & Junchao Qian, 2020. "Everyday use of urban street spaces: the spatio-temporal relations between pedestrians and street vendors: a case study in Yuncheng, China," Landscape Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(3), pages 292-309, April.
    8. Aloysius Gunadi BRATA, 2010. "Vulnerability Of Urban Informal Sector: Street Vendors In Yogyakarta, Indonesia," Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban Management, Research Centre in Public Administration and Public Services, Bucharest, Romania, vol. 5(5(14)), pages 47-58, February.
    9. Stephen L. Mehay & William R. Bowman, 2005. "Marital Status and Productivity: Evidence from Personnel Data," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 72(1), pages 63-77, July.
    10. Ebelechukwu Maduekwe & Walter Timo Vries & Gertrud Buchenrieder, 2020. "Measuring Human Recognition for Women in Malawi using the Alkire Foster Method of Multidimensional Poverty Counting," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 147(3), pages 805-824, February.
    11. Mauricio Gallardo, 2018. "Identifying Vulnerability To Poverty: A Critical Survey," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 32(4), pages 1074-1105, September.
    12. Alkire, Sabina & Roche, José Manuel & Vaz, Ana, 2017. "Changes Over Time in Multidimensional Poverty: Methodology and Results for 34 Countries," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 232-249.
    13. Saima Nawaz & Nasir Iqbal, 2016. "Education Poverty in Pakistan: A Spatial Analysis at District Level," Indian Journal of Human Development, , vol. 10(2), pages 270-287, August.
    14. Sungjin Park & Hyungdon Kook & Hongdeok Seok & Jae Hyoung Lee & Daeun Lim & Dong-Hyuk Cho & Suk-Kyu Oh, 2020. "The negative impact of long working hours on mental health in young Korean workers," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(8), pages 1-13, August.
    15. repec:ilo:ilowps:354173 is not listed on IDEAS
    16. Smith, Paula A. & Metzger, Michael R., 1998. "The return to education: Street vendors in Mexico," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 26(2), pages 289-296, February.
    17. Prabhakar Nandru & Madhavaiah Chendragiri & Arulmurugan Velayutham, 2021. "Examining the influence of financial inclusion on financial well-being of marginalized street vendors: an empirical evidence from India," International Journal of Social Economics, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 48(8), pages 1139-1158, April.
    18. Awaworyi Churchill, Sefa & Iqbal, Nasir & Nawaz, Saima & Yew, Siew Ling, 2021. "Unconditional cash transfers, child labour and education: theory and evidence," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 186(C), pages 437-457.
    19. Nasir Iqbal, 2020. "National Poverty Estimates 2018 19," PIDE Knowledge Brief 2020:3, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics.
    20. Nasir Iqbal & Saima Nawaz, 2017. "Spatial Differences and Socioeconomic Determinants of Health Poverty," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 56(3), pages 221-248.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Nasir Iqbal & Saima Nawaz & Muhammad Aqeel Anwar, 2022. "The Socio-economic Analysis of the Street Economy in the Twin Cities of Pakistan (Article)," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 61(3), pages 335-363.
    2. Nawaz, Saima, 2021. "Energy poverty, climate shocks, and health deprivations," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    3. Nawaz, Saima & Hussain, Sajid, 2024. "Unveiling effects of cash transfers on poverty and social cohesion in conflict-affected zones: Insights from ex-FATA, Pakistan," World Development Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 33(C).
    4. Awaworyi Churchill, Sefa & Iqbal, Nasir & Nawaz, Saima & Yew, Siew Ling, 2021. "Unconditional cash transfers, child labour and education: theory and evidence," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 186(C), pages 437-457.
    5. Nawaz, Saima & Iqbal, Nasir, 2021. "How cash transfers program affects environmental poverty among ultra-poor? Insights from the BISP in Pakistan," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 148(PB).
    6. Muhammad Hatim & Zerish Tasleem & Muhammad Nadeem, 2022. "The Influence Of Education And Health On Rural Household Poverty: A Moderating Role Of Culture In Punjab, Pakistan," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 11(2), pages 120-133, June.
    7. Nawaz, Saima & Iqbal, Nasir, 2020. "The impact of unconditional cash transfer on fuel choices among ultra-poor in Pakistan: Quasi-experimental evidence from the Benazir Income Support Program," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C).
    8. Mauricio Gallardo, 2020. "Measuring Vulnerability to Multidimensional Poverty," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 148(1), pages 67-103, February.
    9. Ayaz Ahmed & Nasir Iqbal & Ghulam Mustafa, 2020. "Measuring the Impact of Remittances on Housing Demand: Evidence from Large Cities in Pakistan," PIDE-Working Papers 2020:10, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics.
    10. Juliana Yael Milovich, 2018. "Does Aid Reduce Poverty?," OPHI Working Papers ophiwp122.pdf, Queen Elizabeth House, University of Oxford.
    11. Zaira Najam & John Gibson, 2022. "Does intra‐country poverty convergence depend on spatial spillovers and the type of poverty measure? Evidence from Pakistan," Asia and the Pacific Policy Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 9(3), pages 516-535, September.
    12. Abbas, Khizar & Li, Shixiang & Xu, Deyi & Baz, Khan & Rakhmetova, Aigerim, 2020. "Do socioeconomic factors determine household multidimensional energy poverty? Empirical evidence from South Asia," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C).
    13. Wei Zou & Xiaopei Cheng & Zengzeng Fan & Wenxi Yin, 2023. "Multidimensional Relative Poverty in China: Identification and Decomposition," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-27, March.
    14. Rachel Nishimwe-Niyimbanira, 2018. "Multidimensional Poverty among the Villages of the South African Former Homeland of Qwaqwa," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 8(3), pages 241-249.
    15. Songmao Wang & Yingzhi Guo & Zhaoli He, 2023. "Analysis on the Measurement and Dynamic Evolution of Multidimensional Return to Poverty in Chinese Rural Households," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 165(1), pages 31-52, January.
    16. Espinoza-Delgado, José & Klasen, Stephan, 2018. "Gender and multidimensional poverty in Nicaragua: An individual based approach," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 466-491.
    17. Sen, Sugata, 2019. "Decomposition of intra-household disparity sensitive fuzzy multi-dimensional poverty index: A study of vulnerability through Machine Learning," MPRA Paper 93550, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    18. Jiquan Peng & Juan Chen & Liguo Zhang, 2022. "Gender-Differentiated Poverty among Migrant Workers: Aggregation and Decomposition Analysis of the Chinese Case for the Years 2012–2018," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-23, May.
    19. Suman Seth & Antonio Villar, 2014. "Human Development, Inequality and Poverty: empirical findings," Working Papers 14.11, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Department of Economics.
    20. Cornaglia, Francesca & Feldman, Naomi E., 2011. "Productivity, Wages, and Marriage: The Case of Major League Baseball," IZA Discussion Papers 5695, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pid:pbooks:2022:7. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Khurram Iqbal (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/pideipk.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.