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Striving for the United Nations (UN) sustainable development goals (SDGs) in BRICS economies: The role of green finance, fintech, and natural resource rent

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  • Maxwell Chukwudi Udeagha
  • Edwin Muchapondwa

Abstract

In terms of policy, the BRICS region has prioritized achieving environmental sustainability. Environmental problems are mostly caused by the area's continuous reliance on fossil fuels to meet its energy requirements. It is also challenging to significantly reduce the region's reliance on fossil fuels because historically, the region has been a big importer of fossil fuels. As a result, the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission rates of the BRICS countries have been rising over time. Furthermore, the area has enormous untapped reserves of renewable energy sources that can be exploited to produce electricity without negatively impacting the ecosystem. In light of this, this research analyses, while controlling for energy innovation, economic growth, and natural resource rent, the combined effects of green finance (GFN) and financial technology (fintech) in reaching the region's carbon neutrality goals from 1990 to 2020. The findings for the BRICS economies, which are consistent with the EKC theory, imply that environmental sustainability is promoted by GFN, fintech, and energy innovation (ENI). NRR (natural resource rent) and GDP (economic growth) compromise environmental quality, nevertheless. It has also been demonstrated that there is a two‐way causal relationship between CO2 emissions and GFN, fintech, and NRR. However, it has been demonstrated that GDP and ENI have a one‐way causal relationship with CO2 emissions. It is recommended that the BRICS nations speed up the development of green financial products and increase the capacity of banks and financial institutions to offer green credit facilities based on the empirical findings. The basic study of how green finance solutions might be used while lowering the related risks should receive more funding.

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  • Maxwell Chukwudi Udeagha & Edwin Muchapondwa, 2023. "Striving for the United Nations (UN) sustainable development goals (SDGs) in BRICS economies: The role of green finance, fintech, and natural resource rent," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(5), pages 3657-3672, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:sustdv:v:31:y:2023:i:5:p:3657-3672
    DOI: 10.1002/sd.2618
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    2. Cem Işık & Serdar Ongan & Hasibul Islam & Stefania Pinzon & Gul Jabeen, 2024. "Navigating sustainability: Unveiling the interconnected dynamics of ESG factors and SDGs in BRICS‐11," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 32(5), pages 5437-5451, October.
    3. Cem Işık & Serdar Ongan & Hasibul Islam & Gul Jabeen & Stefania Pinzon, 2024. "Is economic growth in East Asia pacific and South Asia ESG factors based and aligned growth?," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 32(5), pages 4455-4468, October.
    4. Zhang, Lu & Wong, Wing-Keung & Liu, Lunwu & Al Shraah, Ata & Albasher, Badah & Shamansurova, Zilola, 2024. "Balancing environmental sustainability through fintech, green finance natural resource, and economic growth in Asian economies - A Cup-FM and Cup-BC study," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    5. Naiping Zhu & Talat Mehmood Khan & Tehmina Khan, 2024. "The influential ambit of optimal corporate social responsibility investments on the cost of capital in Chinese private firms," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 32(5), pages 5090-5103, October.
    6. Mahmud Hasan Riaz & Montasir Alam & Ayub Ali & Zobayer Ahmed & Asif Raihan, 2025. "The role of growth, energy, and resource utilization in ecological footprints: navigating BRICS + environmental challenges," Letters in Spatial and Resource Sciences, Springer, vol. 18(1), pages 1-29, December.
    7. Abdullah Emre Caglar & Senem Gönenç & Mehmet Akif Destek, 2024. "Toward a sustainable environment within the framework of carbon neutrality scenarios: Evidence from the novel Fourier‐NARDL approach," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 32(6), pages 6643-6655, December.
    8. Shivam Azad & S. L. Tulasi Devi, 2025. "Sustainable development and investor confidence: The safe‐haven appeal of green‐bond issuing firms," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 33(1), pages 1249-1268, February.
    9. Chen, Jin & Meng, Wenfei & Dong, Yang & Zhou, Wei, 2025. "Geographic matching analysis between green finance development and carbon emissions in China’s new era of environmental transition," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 73(PA).

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