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Challenges and Opportunities in Implementing a Universal Social Health Protection Model: a Comparative Analysis of Low, Middle, and High-Income Countries

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  • Moussane Aboutayeb

    (Cadi Ayyad University of Marrakech, Morocco)

  • Elazzouzi Mohamed

    (Mohammed V University of Rabat, Morocco)

Abstract

This article explores the dynamics of a social model associated with redistribution policies. We compare this model with Universal Health Coverage (UHC), specifically examining their influence on social health protection systems and the demand for health services across various countries. This influence is reflected in healthcare expenditures. To achieve this, we conducted a literature review. We employed descriptive statistics to analyze the relationships between key indicators, including the UHC Service Coverage Index and the proportion of direct (out-of-pocket) expenditure in healthcare. These indicators help assess the impact of social health protection systems on both the demand for health services and access to necessary care. The findings indicate that UHC coverage is lower in low- and middle-income countries compared to high-income countries. Additionally, we observe an increase in direct healthcare expenditures in low-income nations, while such expenditures are declining in high-income countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Moussane Aboutayeb & Elazzouzi Mohamed, 2024. "Challenges and Opportunities in Implementing a Universal Social Health Protection Model: a Comparative Analysis of Low, Middle, and High-Income Countries," Valahian Journal of Economic Studies, Sciendo, vol. 15(2), pages 81-94.
    • Handle: RePEc:vrs:vaecst:v:15:y:2024:i:2:p:81-94:n:1007
    DOI: 10.2478/vjes-2024-0017
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cecchini, Simone & Martínez, Rodrigo, 2011. "Protección social inclusiva en América Latina : una mirada integral, un enfoque de derechos," Libros de la CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), number 2593 edited by Cepal, September.
    2. van Doorslaer, Eddy & Wagstaff, Adam & van der Burg, Hattem & Christiansen, Terkel & Citoni, Guido & Di Biase, Rita & Gerdtham, Ulf-G. & Gerfin, Mike & Gross, Lorna & Hakinnen, Unto, 1999. "The redistributive effect of health care finance in twelve OECD countries," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 18(3), pages 291-313, June.
    3. Arnab Acharya & Sukumar Vellakkal & Fiona Taylor & Edoardo Masset & Ambika Satija & Margaret Burke & Shah Ebrahim, 2013. "The Impact of Health Insurance Schemes for the Informal Sector in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review," The World Bank Research Observer, World Bank, vol. 28(2), pages 236-266, August.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    UHC; social health protection systems; out-of-pocket; Low; middle- and high-income countries;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I14 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health and Inequality
    • I15 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health and Economic Development

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