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The effect of mineral saving and energy on the ecological footprint in an emerging market: evidence from novel Fourier based approaches

Author

Listed:
  • Emrah Sofuoğlu

    (Kirsehir Ahi Evran University)

  • Dervis Kirikkaleli

    (European University of Lefke)

Abstract

Environmental degradation has been one of the hot topics discussed since the 1980s. In the literature, CO2 emissions are generally used to represent environmental degradation. However, in this study, environmental degradation is examined in the context of ecological footprint. The study aims to investigate the effect of economic growth, energy consumption, and mineral saving on the ecological footprint in Turkey for the period of 1975–2017. For this purpose, the bootstrap autoregressive distributed lag model with a Fourier function (FARDL) method is utilized to test the long-term relationship between the variables. The findings indicate a long-term relationship between the variables. In addition, long-run estimation results based on the FARDL model show that economic growth and mineral saving increase the ecological footprint in Turkey. The conclusion discusses these findings and presents long-term policy recommendations for Turkey.

Suggested Citation

  • Emrah Sofuoğlu & Dervis Kirikkaleli, 2023. "The effect of mineral saving and energy on the ecological footprint in an emerging market: evidence from novel Fourier based approaches," Letters in Spatial and Resource Sciences, Springer, vol. 16(1), pages 1-16, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:lsprsc:v:16:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1007_s12076-023-00328-w
    DOI: 10.1007/s12076-023-00328-w
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Ecological footprint; Environmental economics; Fourier ARDL; Sustainable development; Turkey;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q43 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Energy and the Macroeconomy
    • Q53 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Air Pollution; Water Pollution; Noise; Hazardous Waste; Solid Waste; Recycling
    • Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming
    • Q56 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environment and Development; Environment and Trade; Sustainability; Environmental Accounts and Accounting; Environmental Equity; Population Growth

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