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Increased LGBTQ+ Diversity Is Linked to Increased School Victimization and Poorer Associated Academic and Mental Health Outcomes

Author

Listed:
  • Veronica Frisancho

    (CAF, Development Bank of Latin America - Avenida Eduardo Madero)

  • Eduardo Nakasone

    (Michigan State University)

Abstract

Using data from 95 middle and high schools in Uruguay, we exploit plausibly exogenous variation in the share of LGBTQ+ students across classrooms and estimate its relationship with school climate as well as students’ academic performance and mental health. Increased representation of LGBTQ+ students in the classroom is linked to a greater prevalence of overall violence in schools, a 10% increase in the share of LGBTQ+ students in a class is associated with a 0.73% increase in the probability that a student experiences violence. These effects are stronger among LGBTQ+ and female students. Increased classroom diversity is also associated with a higher probability of being a bully, a heightened perception of a hostile school environment, an increased prevalence of depression, a greater likelihood of absenteeism, and lower grade progression rates among students.

Suggested Citation

  • Veronica Frisancho & Eduardo Nakasone, 2025. "Increased LGBTQ+ Diversity Is Linked to Increased School Victimization and Poorer Associated Academic and Mental Health Outcomes," Journal of Economics, Race, and Policy, Springer, vol. 8(2), pages 150-178, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:joerap:v:8:y:2025:i:2:d:10.1007_s41996-024-00157-z
    DOI: 10.1007/s41996-024-00157-z
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