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Energy Generation from Plastic Composites: A Systematic Review of Sustainable Practices and Technologies

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  • Divine Senanu Ametefe

    (Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM))

  • George Dzorgbenya Ametefe

    (Osun State University)

  • Dah John

    (Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM))

  • Abdulmalik Adozuka Aliu

    (Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM))

  • Macaulay M. Owen

    (Universiti Tenaga Nasional, UNITEN, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN
    Universiti Teknologi MARA UiTM)

  • Solehuddin Shuib

    (Universiti Teknologi MARA UiTM)

  • Aisha Hamid

    (Universiti Teknologi MARA)

Abstract

Energy generation from plastic composites offers a viable solution to the dual challenges of plastic waste management and renewable energy production. This study explores the potential of plastic composites for energy generation through key waste-to-energy technologies, including incineration, pyrolysis, gasification, and anaerobic digestion. The study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology, following the PRISMA guidelines, and draws from two primary databases: ScienceDirect and Web of Science. Each method is assessed in terms of energy efficiency, environmental impact, economic feasibility, and scalability, based on studies published between 2020 and the second quarter of 2024. Pyrolysis and gasification emerge as particularly promising technologies due to their flexibility and higher energy recovery potential. Incineration, although widely used and well-established, presents challenges related to emissions, despite improvements in emissions control technologies. Anaerobic digestion, though limited in its application to conventional plastics, provides sustainability benefits when used with biodegradable materials. The analysis reveals regional disparities in research focus, the influence of policy frameworks, and the need for technological innovation to optimize these processes. Ultimately, the findings highlight the importance of integrating energy recovery from plastic waste within circular economy models to achieve sustainable waste management and renewable energy goals.

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  • Divine Senanu Ametefe & George Dzorgbenya Ametefe & Dah John & Abdulmalik Adozuka Aliu & Macaulay M. Owen & Solehuddin Shuib & Aisha Hamid, 2025. "Energy Generation from Plastic Composites: A Systematic Review of Sustainable Practices and Technologies," Circular Economy and Sustainability, Springer, vol. 5(2), pages 1307-1343, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:circec:v:5:y:2025:i:2:d:10.1007_s43615-024-00475-2
    DOI: 10.1007/s43615-024-00475-2
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