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Brexit: wybrane implikacje ekonomiczne dla Polski

Author

Listed:
  • Elżbieta Kawecka-Wyrzykowska
  • Łukasz Ambroziak

Abstract

Wystąpienie Wlk. Brytanii z Unii Europejskiej (UE) spowodowało znaczące implikacje dla Polski i dla całej UE. Brexit zakończył się wraz z uzgodnieniem 24.12.2020 r. umowy określającej zasady współpracy między UE i Wlk. Brytanią od początku 2021 r., tj. po zakończeniu okresu przejściowego. Celem artykułu jest wskazanie na wybrane postanowienia umów regulujących od początku 2021 r. relacje między Polską i całą UE a Wlk. Brytanią oraz próba oceny skutków tych postanowień dla polskiej gospodarki. Przedmiotem analizy są dwie kwestie: a) zmiana warunków prowadzenia handlu towarami i jej implikacje dla polskiego handlu oraz b) postanowienia finansowe i ich wpływ na rozliczenia Polski z budżetem unijnym. Główne wnioski są następujące: mimo braku ceł wzrosły koszty obsługi administracyjnej ruchu towarowego, m.in. w wyniku wprowadzenia dokumentów celnych, certyfikatów technicznych, sanitarnych itp. Zakłócone zostały dostawy wielu produktów, których handel odbywa się w ramach międzynarodowych łańcuchów wartości. Brexit wpłynął też negatywnie na rozliczenia finansowe Polski z budżetem UE. Z jednej strony wyeliminował on koszt finansowania rabatu brytyjskiego i pokrewnych rabatów. Z drugiej jednak państwa korzystające wcześniej z obniżonego finansowania rabatu brytyjskiego wywalczyły nowe mechanizmy korekcyjne, które są pokrywane – jak poprzednio – przez wszystkie pozostałe państwa, w tym Polskę.

Suggested Citation

  • Elżbieta Kawecka-Wyrzykowska & Łukasz Ambroziak, 2021. "Brexit: wybrane implikacje ekonomiczne dla Polski," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 4, pages 55-82.
    • Handle: RePEc:sgh:gosnar:y:2021:i:4:p:55-82
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Brautzsch, Hans-Ulrich & Holtemöller, Oliver, 2019. "Potential international employment effects of a hard Brexit," IWH Discussion Papers 4/2019, Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH).
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    3. Gabriel Felbermayr & Clemens Fuest & Jasmin Katrin Gröschl & Daniel Stöhlker, 2017. "Economic Effects of Brexit on the European Economy," EconPol Policy Reports 4, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    budżet UE; Brexit; handel Polski z Wielką Brytanią; rabat brytyjski;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • F36 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Financial Aspects of Economic Integration
    • H87 - Public Economics - - Miscellaneous Issues - - - International Fiscal Issues; International Public Goods

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