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Efektywność finansowa specjalnych stref ekonomicznych w Polsce

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  • Wojciech Lichota

Abstract

Celem artykułu jest syntetyczna ocena efektywności finansowej działalności specjalnych stref ekonomicznych w Polsce. Dokonanie takiej oceny wymaga przeprowadzenia wielu prac badawczych, m.in. zbadania efektywności specjalnych stref ekonomicznych z punktu widzenia budżetu państwa i Narodowego Funduszu Zdrowia oraz budżetów jednostek samorządu terytorialnego. Przeprowadzone badania nad efektami finansowymi stref obejmowały okres od 1996 r. do końca 2012 r. W wyniku przeprowadzonej analizy korzyści i kosztów funkcjonowania stref, otrzymano wyniki, które dały podstawę stwierdzić, że korzyści płynące z funkcjonowania stref znacznie przewyższają koszty. Łączne korzyści wyniosły bowiem 80,9 mld zł, natomiast łączne koszty 15,4 mld zł. Przez szesnaście lat bilans netto wyniósł więc 65,5 mld zł. Bilans wskazanych korzyści i kosztów wykazał efektywność finansową wszystkich stref, natomiast cel pracy został osiągnięty. W pracy zostały również zaprezentowane wyniki oceny kondycji finansowej pięćdziesięciu przedsiębiorstw funkcjonujących w specjalnych strefach ekonomicznych a także uwzględniony został aspekt globalnego kryzysu. Badania przeprowadzone na podstawie sprawozdań finansowych próby przedsiębiorstw pozwalają stwierdzić, że podmioty poddane analizie odznaczają się dobrą kondycją finansową. Badania przeprowadzone w ramach tego artykułu wskazują, że specjalne strefy ekonomiczne są efektywne finansowo i pomimo różnych kontrowersji związanych z ich funkcjonowaniem, wpływają na rozwój gospodarczy kraju, głównie poprzez tworzenie jakże pożądanych nowych miejsc pracy.

Suggested Citation

  • Wojciech Lichota, 2016. "Efektywność finansowa specjalnych stref ekonomicznych w Polsce," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 1, pages 99-130.
  • Handle: RePEc:sgh:gosnar:y:2016:i:1:p:99-130
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Rados³aw Pastusiak & Monika Bolek & Magdalena Jasiniak & Jakub Keller, 2018. "Effectiveness of special economic zones of Poland," Zbornik radova Ekonomskog fakulteta u Rijeci/Proceedings of Rijeka Faculty of Economics, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Economics and Business, vol. 36(1), pages 263-285.
    2. Beata Ślusarczyk & Katarzyna Grondys, 2018. "The Concept of Sustainable Development in the Functioning of Municipalities Belonging to Special Economic Zones in Poland," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-20, June.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    specjalne strefy ekonomiczne; analiza finansowa; kondycja finansowa;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E60 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - General
    • G00 - Financial Economics - - General - - - General
    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises

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