IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/entthe/v46y2022i5p1256-1283.html

Networking, Social Skills and Launching a New Business: A 3-Year Study of Nascent Entrepreneurs

Author

Listed:
  • Kim Klyver
  • Pia Arenius

Abstract

We combine insights from behavioral and skill perspectives on network agency to address how entrepreneurs’ networking with close social ties and weak ties influences business launch, and the extent to which social skills strengthened or weakened these influences. Combining network perspectives previously developed in parallel, we fill in the gap of how well entrepreneurs are networking. We find frequent networking with close social ties increases entrepreneurs’ chances of business launch when they have high social skills, but decreases their chances when they have low social skills, while networking with weak ties increases chances of business launch regardless of social skills.

Suggested Citation

  • Kim Klyver & Pia Arenius, 2022. "Networking, Social Skills and Launching a New Business: A 3-Year Study of Nascent Entrepreneurs," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 46(5), pages 1256-1283, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:sae:entthe:v:46:y:2022:i:5:p:1256-1283
    DOI: 10.1177/1042258720967063
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1042258720967063
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1177/1042258720967063?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Watson, John, 2007. "Modeling the relationship between networking and firm performance," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 22(6), pages 852-874, November.
    2. Mette Søgaard Nielsen & Kim Klyver, 2020. "Meeting entrepreneurs’ expectations: the importance of social skills in strong relationships," Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 32(9-10), pages 737-756, October.
    3. Sara Carter & Eleanor Shaw & Wing Lam & Fiona Wilson, 2007. "Gender, Entrepreneurship, and Bank Lending: The Criteria and Processes Used by Bank Loan Officers in Assessing Applications," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 31(3), pages 427-444, May.
    4. Per Davidsson & Scott Gordon, 2012. "Panel studies of new venture creation: a methods-focused review and suggestions for future research," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 39(4), pages 853-876, November.
    5. Ruolian Fang & Lei Chi & Manli Chen & Robert A. Baron, 2015. "Bringing Political Skill into Social Networks: Findings from a Field Study of Entrepreneurs," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 52(2), pages 175-212, March.
    6. Gautam Ahuja & Giuseppe Soda & Akbar Zaheer, 2012. "The Genesis and Dynamics of Organizational Networks," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 23(2), pages 434-448, April.
    7. Morris, Michael & Schindehutte, Minet & Allen, Jeffrey, 2005. "The entrepreneur's business model: toward a unified perspective," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 58(6), pages 726-735, June.
    8. David Krackhardt, 1995. "Entrepreneurial Opportunities in an Entrepreneurial Firm: A Structural Approach," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 19(3), pages 53-69, April.
    9. Sarah L. Jack, 2005. "The Role, Use and Activation of Strong and Weak Network Ties: A Qualitative Analysis," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 42(6), pages 1233-1259, September.
    10. Kim Klyver & Noel J. Lindsay & Suleiman K. “Sul” Kassicieh & Gary Hancock, 2017. "Altruistic investment decision behavior in early-stage ventures," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 48(1), pages 135-152, January.
    11. William Gartner & Kelly Shaver, 2012. "Nascent entrepreneurship panel studies: progress and challenges," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 39(3), pages 659-665, October.
    12. Philipp Sieger & Tommaso Minola, 2017. "The Family's Financial Support as a “Poisoned Gift”: A Family Embeddedness Perspective on Entrepreneurial Intentions," Journal of Small Business Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 55(S1), pages 179-204, December.
    13. Joseph A. LiPuma & Sarah Park, 2014. "Venture Capitalists’ Risk Mitigation of Portfolio Company Internationalization," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 38(5), pages 1-23, September.
    14. Elizabeth Chell & Susan Baines, 2000. "Networking, entrepreneurship and microbusiness behaviour," Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 12(3), pages 195-215, July.
    15. Francesca Mariotti & Rick Delbridge, 2012. "Overcoming Network Overload and Redundancy in Interorganizational Networks: The Roles of Potential and Latent Ties," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 23(2), pages 511-528, April.
    16. Davidsson, Per & Honig, Benson, 2003. "The role of social and human capital among nascent entrepreneurs," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 18(3), pages 301-331, May.
    17. Havnes, Pers-Anders & Senneseth, Knut, 2001. "A Panel Study of Firm Growth among SMEs in Networks," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 16(4), pages 293-302, June.
    18. Reynolds, Paul D., 2016. "Start-up Actions and Outcomes: What Entrepreneurs Do to Reach Profitability," Foundations and Trends(R) in Entrepreneurship, now publishers, vol. 12(6), pages 443-559, December.
    19. Balagopal Vissa, 2012. "Agency in Action: Entrepreneurs' Networking Style and Initiation of Economic Exchange," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 23(2), pages 492-510, April.
    20. Bat Batjargal & Michael Hitt & Anne Tsui & Jean-Luc Arregle & Justin Webb & Toyah Miller, 2013. "Institutional Polycentrism, Entrepreneurs' Social Networks, and New Venture Growth," Post-Print hal-02276709, HAL.
    21. Wade M Danis & Dan S Chiaburu & Marjorie A Lyles, 2010. "The impact of managerial networking intensity and market-based strategies on firm growth during institutional upheaval: A study of small and medium-sized enterprises in a transition economy," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 41(2), pages 287-307, February.
    22. Jane N. O. Khayesi & Gerard George & John Antonakis, 2014. "Kinship in Entrepreneur Networks: Performance Effects of Resource Assembly in Africa," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 38(6), pages 1323-1342, November.
    23. Scott Shane & Daniel Cable, 2002. "Network Ties, Reputation, and the Financing of New Ventures," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 48(3), pages 364-381, March.
    24. Shim, Jaehu & Davidsson, Per, 2018. "Shorter than we thought: The duration of venture creation processes," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 9(C), pages 10-16.
    25. Martin Gargiulo & Mario Benassi, 2000. "Trapped in Your Own Net? Network Cohesion, Structural Holes, and the Adaptation of Social Capital," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 11(2), pages 183-196, April.
    26. Congcong Zheng & Mujtaba Ahsan & Alex F. DeNoble, 2020. "Entrepreneurial Networking During Early Stages of Opportunity Exploitation: Agency of Novice and Experienced New Venture Leaders," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 44(4), pages 671-699, July.
    27. Bat Batjargal, 2013. "Institutional Polycentrism, Entrepreneurs??? Social Networks, And New Venture Growth," William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series wp1060, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan.
    28. Gerrit Rooks & Kim Klyver & Arthur Sserwanga, 2016. "The Context of Social Capital: A Comparison of Rural and Urban Entrepreneurs in Uganda," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 40(1), pages 111-130, January.
    29. Thomas Schott & Mahdokht Sedaghat, 2014. "Innovation embedded in entrepreneurs’ networks and national educational systems," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 43(2), pages 463-476, August.
    30. Elfring, Tom & Hulsink, Willem, 2003. "Networks in Entrepreneurship: The Case of High-Technology Firms," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 21(4), pages 409-422, December.
    31. Grichnik, Dietmar & Brinckmann, Jan & Singh, Luv & Manigart, Sophie, 2014. "Beyond environmental scarcity: Human and social capital as driving forces of bootstrapping activities," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 29(2), pages 310-326.
    32. Newbert, Scott L. & Tornikoski, Erno T. & Quigley, Narda R., 2013. "Exploring the evolution of supporter networks in the creation of new organizations," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 28(2), pages 281-298.
    33. Unger, Jens M. & Rauch, Andreas & Frese, Michael & Rosenbusch, Nina, 2011. "Human capital and entrepreneurial success: A meta-analytical review," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 26(3), pages 341-358, May.
    34. Stam, Wouter & Arzlanian, Souren & Elfring, Tom, 2014. "Social capital of entrepreneurs and small firm performance: A meta-analysis of contextual and methodological moderators," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 29(1), pages 152-173.
    35. Baron, Robert A. & Markman, Gideon D., 2003. "Beyond social capital: the role of entrepreneurs' social competence in their financial success," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 18(1), pages 41-60, January.
    36. Wouter Stam & Souren Arzlanian & Tom Elfring, 2014. "Social capital of entrepreneurs and small firm performance : A meta-analysis of contextual and methodological moderators," Post-Print hal-04850409, HAL.
    37. Arenius, Pia & Engel, Yuval & Klyver, Kim, 2017. "No particular action needed? A necessary condition analysis of gestation activities and firm emergence," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 8(C), pages 87-92.
    38. Alex Stewart, 2003. "Help One Another, Use One Another: Toward an Anthropology of Family Business," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 27(4), pages 383-396, October.
    39. Mariëtte Kaandorp & Elco van Burg & Tomas Karlsson, 2020. "Initial Networking Processes of Student Entrepreneurs: The Role of Action and Evaluation," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 44(3), pages 527-556, May.
    40. repec:hal:journl:hal-02313079 is not listed on IDEAS
    41. Yaqub, Ohid, 2018. "Serendipity: Towards a taxonomy and a theory," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 47(1), pages 169-179.
    42. Stefan Sigmund & Thorsten Semrau & Douglas Wegner, 2015. "Networking Ability and the Financial Performance of New Ventures: Moderating Effects of Venture Size, Institutional Environment, and Their Interaction," Journal of Small Business Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 53(1), pages 266-283, January.
    43. Eric Gedajlovic & Benson Honig & Curt B. Moore & G. Tyge Payne & Mike Wright, 2013. "Social Capital and Entrepreneurship: A Schema and Research Agenda," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 37(3), pages 455-478, May.
    44. Julie M. Hite, 2005. "Evolutionary Processes and Paths of Relationally Embedded Network Ties in Emerging Entrepreneurial Firms," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 29(1), pages 113-144, January.
    45. Villanueva, Jaume & Van de Ven, Andrew H. & Sapienza, Harry J., 2012. "Resource mobilization in entrepreneurial firms," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 27(1), pages 19-30.
    46. Kim Klyver & Benson Honig & Paul Steffens, 2018. "Social support timing and persistence in nascent entrepreneurship: exploring when instrumental and emotional support is most effective," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 51(3), pages 709-734, October.
    47. Jack, Sarah L. & Anderson, Alistair R., 2002. "The effects of embeddedness on the entrepreneurial process," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 17(5), pages 467-487, September.
    48. Winterstorm Värlander, Sara & Sölvell, Ingela & Klyver, Kim, 2020. "Entrepreneurship as a vocational choice in contested entrepreneurship communities: The role of entrepreneurs' justification strategies," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 35(3).
    49. Jean–Luc Arregle & Bat Batjargal & Michael A. Hitt & Justin W. Webb & Toyah Miller & Anne S. Tsui, 2015. "Family Ties in Entrepreneurs’ Social Networks and New Venture Growth," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 39(2), pages 313-344, March.
    50. Carter, Nancy M. & Gartner, William B. & Reynolds, Paul D., 1996. "Exploring start-up event sequences," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 11(3), pages 151-166, May.
    51. Birley, Sue, 1985. "The role of networks in the entrepreneurial process," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 1(1), pages 107-117.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Klyver, Kim & Sölvell, Ingela & Värlander, Sara Winterstorm, 2025. "With help from strangers: entrepreneurs’ networking for serendipity," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    2. Chunkai Zhao & Guangyi Xu & Wenjun Cai, 2025. "Troops are Business Schools: Military Service and Entrepreneurial Behaviors in China," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 49(1), pages 30-59, January.
    3. Anna-Katharina Lenz & Birgit Muskat & Renata Peregrino Brito, 2025. "Peer support and value creation among women entrepreneurs," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 65(3), pages 1839-1876, October.
    4. Hayman, Marilla G. & Reid, Shane W. & Kirk, Jessica F. & Nag, Devalina, 2025. "Exploring the impact of sexual harassment in entrepreneurial contexts: A call to action and research roadmap," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 24(C).
    5. Kensbock, Julia M., 2025. "Reaching out or going it alone? How birth order shapes networking behavior and entrepreneurial action in the face of obstacles," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 40(2).
    6. Sandrine Frémeaux & Roberta Sferrazzo & Anouk Grevin, 2026. "Generalized Reciprocity and Interfirm Cooperation: A Study of Entrepreneurial Development in Argentina," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 203(1), pages 73-89, January.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Kim Klyver & Yudi Hou & Elco van Burg & Tom Elfring, 2026. "Network Agency in Entrepreneurship: A Synthesis and Outlook," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 50(1), pages 313-349, January.
    2. Kim Klyver & Benson Honig & Paul Steffens, 2018. "Social support timing and persistence in nascent entrepreneurship: exploring when instrumental and emotional support is most effective," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 51(3), pages 709-734, October.
    3. Klyver, Kim & Sölvell, Ingela & Värlander, Sara Winterstorm, 2025. "With help from strangers: entrepreneurs’ networking for serendipity," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    4. Kensbock, Julia M., 2025. "Reaching out or going it alone? How birth order shapes networking behavior and entrepreneurial action in the face of obstacles," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 40(2).
    5. Jack, Sarah L., 2010. "Approaches to studying networks: Implications and outcomes," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 25(1), pages 120-137, January.
    6. Christian Busch & Harry Barkema, 2022. "Planned Luck: How Incubators Can Facilitate Serendipity for Nascent Entrepreneurs Through Fostering Network Embeddedness," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 46(4), pages 884-919, July.
    7. Katharina Scheidgen & Anna Brattström, 2023. "Berlin is Hotter Than Silicon Valley! How Networking Temperature Shapes Entrepreneurs’ Networking Across Social Contexts," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 47(6), pages 2233-2262, November.
    8. Per Davidsson & Jan Henrik Gruenhagen, 2021. "Fulfilling the Process Promise: A Review and Agenda for New Venture Creation Process Research," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 45(5), pages 1083-1118, September.
    9. Klyver, Kim & Steffens, Paul & Lomberg, Carina, 2020. "Having your cake and eating it too? A two-stage model of the impact of employment and parallel job search on hybrid nascent entrepreneurship," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 35(5).
    10. Kerr, Jon & Coviello, Nicole, 2020. "Weaving network theory into effectuation: A multi-level reconceptualization of effectual dynamics," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 35(2).
    11. Thommie Burström & Jussi Harri & Timothy. L. Wilson, 2018. "Nascent Entrepreneurs Managing in Networks: Equivocality, Multiplexity and Tie Formation," Journal of Enterprising Culture (JEC), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 26(01), pages 51-83, March.
    12. Susanna Slotte–Kock & Nicole Coviello, 2010. "Entrepreneurship Research on Network Processes: A Review and Ways Forward," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 34(1), pages 31-57, January.
    13. Thorsten Semrau & Christian Hopp, 2016. "Complementary or compensatory? A contingency perspective on how entrepreneurs’ human and social capital interact in shaping start-up progress," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 46(3), pages 407-423, March.
    14. Salih Zeki Ozdemir & Peter Moran & Xing Zhong & Martin J. Bliemel, 2016. "Reaching and Acquiring Valuable Resources: The Entrepreneur's Use of Brokerage, Cohesion, and Embeddedness," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 40(1), pages 49-79, January.
    15. Xiaoyu Yu & Yida Tao & Yi Chen & Weiyong Zhang & Pinglei Xu, 2019. "Social networks and online store performance in emerging economies: the mediating effect of legitimacy," Electronic Markets, Springer;IIM University of St. Gallen, vol. 29(2), pages 201-218, June.
    16. Stam, Wouter & Arzlanian, Souren & Elfring, Tom, 2014. "Social capital of entrepreneurs and small firm performance: A meta-analysis of contextual and methodological moderators," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 29(1), pages 152-173.
    17. Jean–Luc Arregle & Bat Batjargal & Michael A. Hitt & Justin W. Webb & Toyah Miller & Anne S. Tsui, 2015. "Family Ties in Entrepreneurs’ Social Networks and New Venture Growth," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 39(2), pages 313-344, March.
    18. Smith, Claudia & Smith, J. Brock & Shaw, Eleanor, 2017. "Embracing digital networks: Entrepreneurs' social capital online," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 32(1), pages 18-34.
    19. Mariëtte Kaandorp & Elco van Burg & Tomas Karlsson, 2020. "Initial Networking Processes of Student Entrepreneurs: The Role of Action and Evaluation," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 44(3), pages 527-556, May.
    20. Thorsten Semrau & Arndt Werner, 2014. "How Exactly Do Network Relationships Pay Off? The Effects of Network Size and Relationship Quality on Access to Start–Up Resources," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 38(3), pages 501-525, May.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:entthe:v:46:y:2022:i:5:p:1256-1283. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.