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Le droit du travail et les migrants ruraux : instituer un nouveau salariat en Chine

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  • Périsse, Muriel

Abstract

Les normes du travail sont problématiques en Chine, mais constater l’impuissance du droit du travail à réguler le marché du travail est insatisfaisant. Pour dépasser les apparences, nous sommes amenée alors à replacer la législation du travail d’une part dans la dynamique de la transition chinoise et de l’autre dans une perspective analytique propre à l’institutionnalisme de J. R. Commons. La Chine rencontre en effet les « problèmes du travail » engendrés par un capitalisme non-raisonnable qui fait porter aux travailleurs migrants ruraux un coût exorbitant et déstabilisateur. Le droit du travail se présente alors comme une solution qui assure la viabilité de ce nouveau salariat chinois à travers des politiques socialement inclusives qui visent sa sécurité économique, une voie « raisonnable » de dépassement des conflits. Mais au-delà, dans un contexte marqué par l’héritage socialiste et l’absence de démocratie, il faut aussi s’interroger sur le rapport à la loi et à l’État. La Law & Economics forgée par J. R. Commons nous offre l’opportunité de comprendre en quoi consistent l’enjeu autour du conflit sur les règles et l’édification d’un nouveau compromis. Le droit du travail, clairement instrumentalisé par le Parti Communiste et au service de sa politique de stabilité sociale, apparaît alors au cœur du processus d’institutionnalisation du salariat des migrants ruraux.

Suggested Citation

  • Périsse, Muriel, 2014. "Le droit du travail et les migrants ruraux : instituer un nouveau salariat en Chine," Revue de la Régulation - Capitalisme, institutions, pouvoirs, Association Recherche et Régulation, vol. 15.
  • Handle: RePEc:rvr:journl:2014:10729
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Démurger, Sylvie & Gurgand, Marc & Li, Shi & Yue, Ximing, 2009. "Migrants as second-class workers in urban China? A decomposition analysis," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 37(4), pages 610-628, December.
    2. Eli Friedman & Ching Kwan Lee, 2010. "Remaking the World of Chinese Labour: A 30‐Year Retrospective," British Journal of Industrial Relations, London School of Economics, vol. 48(3), pages 507-533, September.
    3. Jean-Pierre Cabestan, 1996. "Chine : un État de lois sans État de droit," Revue Tiers Monde, Programme National Persée, vol. 37(147), pages 649-668.
    4. M. Perisse, 2008. "Entre innovations et héritage : les mutations du rapport salarial des entreprises publiques urbaines chinoises," Post-Print hal-00803281, HAL.
    5. Blecher, Marc, 1983. "Peasant labour for urban industry: Temporary contract labour, urban-rural balance and class relations in a Chinese county," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 11(8), pages 731-745, August.
    6. Laure Bazzoli, 2012. "John R. Commons : institutions et problèmes du travail," Post-Print halshs-00789314, HAL.
    7. Muriel Périsse, 2008. "Entre Innovations Et Héritage : Les Institutions Du Travail Des Entreprises Publiques Urbaines Chinoises," Revue Tiers-Monde, Armand Colin, vol. 0(3), pages 573-596.
    8. John R. Commons, 1909. "American Shoemakers, 1648–1895 A Sketch of Industrial Evolution," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 24(1), pages 39-84.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    droit du travail; institution; salariat; travailleur migrant; institution; Labour Law; migrant workers; working class; China; derecho del trabajo; institución; salariado; trabajador migrante; China;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • K31 - Law and Economics - - Other Substantive Areas of Law - - - Labor Law
    • J81 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Standards - - - Working Conditions
    • J83 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Standards - - - Workers' Rights
    • P37 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions - - - Legal

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