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Le nerf de la guerre (économique) : Les faiblesses du budget européen

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  • Jacques Le Cacheux

Abstract

[eng] The sinew of (economic) war : weaknesses of the European budget . The 50th anniversary of the Rome Treaties offers an opportunity to critically review the European budget. The exercise appears all the more necessary as, whereas the medium-term financial perspectives covering the period 2007-2013 have been adopted in the Spring of 2006, the Council, the Parliament and the Commission have all expressed dissatisfaction about the outcome and called for a mid-term review, to be based on reflections starting in 2008. This paper surveys the major evolutions of the EU budget receipts and expenditures over the past half-century. It stresses the weaknesses of the current funding scheme, almost entirely based on national contributions proportional the GNI. On the spending side, the paper critically reviews the major objections raised against the two main spending items, i. e. the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and the structural and regional policies. Finally, we explore several reform proposals, from the creation of genuine own resources, possibly a European tax, or the institution of a new brand of decentralized federalism, in order to get the EU out of the deadlock in which it has been brought by current budgetary institutions and procedures. . Classification JEL : E61, E62, H60, N14 [fre] Le cinquantième anniversaire des traités de Rome fournit l’occasion d’un bilan critique sur le budget européen, d’autant plus nécessaire que, alors que les perspectives financières à moyen terme, programmation septennale des dépenses budgétaires de l’UE couvrant la période 2007-2013, ont été adoptées au printemps 2006, le Conseil, le Parlement et la Commission ont aussitôt exprimé leur insatisfaction et appelé de leurs voeux une révision à mi-parcours, sur la base d’une réflexion entamée en 2008. Cet article passe en revue les principales évolutions des recettes et des dépenses du budget de l’UE depuis une cinquantaine d’années. Il souligne les faiblesses d’un mode de financement désormais presque uniquement fondé sur des contributions nationales proportionnelles au RNB. Côté dépenses, les principaux reproches adressés aux deux grandes politiques communes que sont la Politique agricole commune (PAC) et les politiques structurelles et régionales font l’objet d’une analyse critique. Enfin, plusieurs pistes de réforme sont proposées, qu’il s’agisse de l’instauration de véritables ressources propres, éventuellement sous forme d’un impôt européen, ou de la mise en oeuvre d’un « fédéralisme décentralisé », afin de sortir de l’immobilisme auquel condamne le mode de fonctionnement actuel du budget européen. . Classification JEL : E61, E62, H60, N14

Suggested Citation

  • Jacques Le Cacheux, 2007. "Le nerf de la guerre (économique) : Les faiblesses du budget européen," Revue d'Économie Financière, Programme National Persée, vol. 89(3), pages 71-87.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recofi:ecofi_0987-3368_2007_num_89_3_4289
    DOI: 10.3406/ecofi.2007.4289
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecofi.2007.4289
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jérôme Creel & Éloi Laurent & Jacques Le Cacheux, 2007. "La politique de change de la zone euro ou le hold-up tranquille de la BCE," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 100(1), pages 7-30.
    2. Jacques Le Cacheux & Henri Sterdyniak, 2003. "Comment améliorer les performances économiques de l'Europe ?," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 87(4), pages 227-253.
    3. Jérôme Creel & Jacques Le Cacheux, 2006. "La nouvelle désinflation compétitive européenne," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 98(3), pages 7-36.
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    5. Jacques Le Cacheux, 2005. "Politiques de croissance en Europe. Un problème d'action collective," Revue économique, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 56(3), pages 705-713.
    6. Jacques Le Cacheux & Henri Mendras, 1992. "Éléments pour une nouvelle politique agricole," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 42(1), pages 95-134.
    7. Jacques Le Cacheux, 2010. "Funding the EU Budget with a Genuine Own Resource : The Case for a European Tax," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-01880264, HAL.
    8. repec:hal:wpspec:info:hdl:2441/2084 is not listed on IDEAS
    9. Sapir, Andre & Aghion, Philippe & Bertola, Giuseppe & Hellwig, Martin & Pisani-Ferry, Jean & Rosati, Dariusz & Vinals, Jose & Wallace, Helen, 2004. "An Agenda for a Growing Europe: The Sapir Report," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780199271498.
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • E61 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Policy Objectives; Policy Designs and Consistency; Policy Coordination
    • E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory
    • H60 - Public Economics - - National Budget, Deficit, and Debt - - - General
    • N14 - Economic History - - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics; Industrial Structure; Growth; Fluctuations - - - Europe: 1913-
    • E61 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Policy Objectives; Policy Designs and Consistency; Policy Coordination
    • E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory
    • H60 - Public Economics - - National Budget, Deficit, and Debt - - - General
    • N14 - Economic History - - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics; Industrial Structure; Growth; Fluctuations - - - Europe: 1913-

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