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Efficience technique et incitations salariales. Analyse empirique sur un panel incomplet des industries textiles en Tunisie

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  • Rym Ben Ayed Mouelhi
  • Mohamed Goaied

Abstract

[eng] Technical Efficiency and Wage Incentives – an Empirical Analysis Based on an Incomplete Panel of Tunisian Textile Industries . by Rym Ben Ayed Mouelhi and Mohamed Goaïed . This study combines the stochastic production frontiers approach with the efficiency wage approach to identify two technical inefficiency components. The first component is observable and varies over time. It measures the technical inefficiency resulting from an inadequate wage incentive. The second component remains stable over time and concerns unobservable company-specific technical inefficiency. This paper sets out to estimate the time-stable technical efficiency component whilst controlling the company-specific effects using instrumental variable techniques applied to incomplete panels. Labour and capital production factors are measured by some of their qualitative characteristics, i. e. technological progress incorporated into equipment and manpower by skills level. The study then empirically checks the wage-productivity relationship before estimating the technical inefficiency attributable to a lack of effort. The empirical analysis considers a non-cylinder panel of 619 Tunisian textile companies studied from 1983 to 1994. The estimation results point to a decline in autonomous technological progress from 1983 to 1990. Moreover, productivity gains are generated by technological progress incorporated into equipment and manpower skills. The unobservable efficiency is approximately 61% on average. The inefficiency ascribable to a lack of effort is approximately 4% on average. . [fre] Cette étude présente la particularité de combiner l'approche des frontières de production stochastiques avec celle du salaire d'efficience de manière à pouvoir identifier deux composantes de l'inefficience technique. La première composante observable, et variante dans le temps, mesure l'inefficience technique imputable à un manque d'incitation salariale. La seconde composante, invariante dans le temps, constitue une inefficience technique inobservable spécifique à la firme. Ce travail se propose d'estimer la composante de l’inefficience technique invariante dans le temps tout en permettant de contrôler les effets spécifiques à la firme, ceci grâce aux techniques des variables instrumentales dans le contexte général des panels incomplets. Les facteurs de production capital et travail sont mesurés en intégrant certaines de leurs caractéristiques qualitatives ; i. e. le progrès technique incorporé aux équipements et la main-d’oeuvre selon le niveau de qualification. Une validation empirique de la relation salaire-productivité est effectuée dans cette étude. Enfin, une estimation de l'inefficience technique attribuable au manque d'effort est réalisée. L'analyse empirique porte sur un panel non cylindré comportant 619 entreprises tunisiennes du secteur textile recensées durant la période [ 1983-1994]. Les résultats d'estimation indiquent une régression du progrès technique autonome durant la période [ 1983-1990]. En outre, le progrès technique incorporé aux équipements et la qualification de la main-d'oeuvre constituent des sources de gain de productivité. L'efficacité non observable est en moyenne de l''ordre de 61%. Par ailleurs, l'inefficience imputable à un manque d'effort est en moyenne de l'ordre de 4%.

Suggested Citation

  • Rym Ben Ayed Mouelhi & Mohamed Goaied, 2001. "Efficience technique et incitations salariales. Analyse empirique sur un panel incomplet des industries textiles en Tunisie," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 148(2), pages 99-111.
    • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_2001_num_148_2_6279
    DOI: 10.3406/ecop.2001.6279
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecop.2001.6279
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