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A theory of oral healthcare decision-making in Appalachia

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  • R Constance Wiener
  • Christopher Waters
  • Ruchi Bhandari

Abstract

Introduction: People make oral healthcare decisions regardless of having partial information, misinformation, sources that deliberately mislead, or information that is culturally influenced. This is particularly true in the Appalachian culture where oral healthcare decision-making practices are not well understood by researchers and dental professionals. Despite efforts to improve dental care utilization, the Appalachia region remains low in oral healthcare utilization. There is a need for a theory to identify concepts in decision-making when seeking oral healthcare. The theory could be useful in creating oral health interventions. The study objective is to develop a theory to identify concepts that influence oral healthcare decision-making in Appalachia (OHDA). Methods: The researchers used a grounded theory qualitative study design to explain data for a theory of OHDA. Participants from Appalachia, in 20-minute interviews, provided insights into concepts that influence OHDA from August 22, 2017 to May 26, 2022. Notes/memos were written during and after the interviews and coding was conducted after the interviews. Open coding categories emerged through constant comparison of responses. Results: Five overarching concepts that embody OHDA were discovered: Affect (Level of Pain/Emotion/Stress involvement), Awareness, Trust/belief, Resources, and Risk Perception. All participants discussed the impact of social media toward these concepts. Conclusion: To influence a person’s OHDA, public health officials and researchers need to address the person’s affect, level of awareness, trust/belief, available resources, and risk perception. Social media is very important in awareness concerning oral health information. These factors are important to consider for similar research in oral healthcare utilization at the population level.

Suggested Citation

  • R Constance Wiener & Christopher Waters & Ruchi Bhandari, 2024. "A theory of oral healthcare decision-making in Appalachia," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 19(5), pages 1-11, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0303831
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303831
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Lois Orton & Ffion Lloyd-Williams & David Taylor-Robinson & Martin O'Flaherty & Simon Capewell, 2011. "The Use of Research Evidence in Public Health Decision Making Processes: Systematic Review," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-10, July.
    3. Valerie F. Reyna & Sarah Edelson & Bridget Hayes & David Garavito, 2022. "Supporting Health and Medical Decision Making: Findings and Insights from Fuzzy-Trace Theory," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 42(6), pages 741-754, August.
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