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From News to Noise: Does Media Sentiment Drive Stock Market Volatility?

Author

Listed:
  • Pieter Nel

    (Department of Economics, University of Pretoria)

  • Renee van Eyden

    (Department of Economics, University of Pretoria)

Abstract

Does media sentiment create artificial volatility, or do stock markets efficiently filter media sentiment as noise? This study tests these hypotheses using daily data (1994-2024) across the S&P 500, Dow Jones, and NASDAQ. Principal Component Analysis decomposes four uncertainty measures into fundamental uncertainty (PC1) and media-amplified supply sentiment (PC2). EGARCH modeling reveals that media sentiment mutes rather than amplifies volatility contradicting behavioral finance predictions. Time Varying Granger causality tests suggests no causality from uncertainty variables to volatility, but volatility has a causal relationship with fundamental uncertainty. The asymmetric relationship demonstrates that information flows from stock markets to uncertainty sentiment, not uncertainty sentiment to stock markets. These findings support rational updating hypothesis where investors observe volatility and correctly infer elevated uncertainty, rather than being misled by media sentiment.

Suggested Citation

  • Pieter Nel & Renee van Eyden, 2026. "From News to Noise: Does Media Sentiment Drive Stock Market Volatility?," Working Papers 202605, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:pre:wpaper:202605
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    JEL classification:

    • G41 - Financial Economics - - Behavioral Finance - - - Role and Effects of Psychological, Emotional, Social, and Cognitive Factors on Decision Making in Financial Markets
    • C58 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Financial Econometrics
    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy

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