IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/plo/pone00/0277461.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Has local government debt crowded out enterprise innovation?

Author

Listed:
  • Xiaoxu Zhang
  • Rongxue Jin

Abstract

This paper tests the impact of local government debt on enterprise innovation based on 2011–2017 A-share non-financial enterprise data from Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges. The results show that the relationship between government debt and enterprise innovation relationship follows an inverted U-shaped pattern. Endogeneity processing and robustness test result confirm the results of the model built for this study. Heheterogeneity analysis finds that the inflection points of local government debt in large enterprises, non-SOEs (non-state-owned enterprises) and poorly financialized regions are lower. Financing constraints and corporate profits play a part of the intermediary effect in the inverted U-shaped relationship between local government debt and enterprise innovation. Further research shows that Digital finance plays a moderating role in the impact of local government debt on enterprise innovation. Therefore, to keep local government debt scale compliant and to maximize the efficiency of digital finance are of great significance in terms of boosting enterprise innovation and improve economic development.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiaoxu Zhang & Rongxue Jin, 2022. "Has local government debt crowded out enterprise innovation?," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 17(11), pages 1-17, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0277461
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277461
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0277461
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0277461&type=printable
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1371/journal.pone.0277461?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Croce, M.M. & Nguyen, Thien T. & Raymond, S. & Schmid, L., 2019. "Government debt and the returns to innovation," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 132(3), pages 205-225.
    2. Thomas Chaney & David Sraer & David Thesmar, 2012. "The Collateral Channel: How Real Estate Shocks Affect Corporate Investment," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 102(6), pages 2381-2409, October.
    3. Jianjun Miao & PENGFEI WANG, 2011. "Sectoral Bubbles and Endogenous Growth," Boston University - Department of Economics - Working Papers Series WP2011-032, Boston University - Department of Economics.
    4. Fan, Jianyong & Liu, Yu & Zhang, Qi & Zhao, Peng, 2022. "Does government debt impede firm innovation? Evidence from the rise of LGFVs in China," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    5. Lee, In & Shin, Yong Jae, 2018. "Fintech: Ecosystem, business models, investment decisions, and challenges," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 61(1), pages 35-46.
    6. Lin William Cong & Haoyu Gao & Jacopo Ponticelli & Xiaoguang Yang, 2019. "Credit Allocation Under Economic Stimulus: Evidence from China," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 32(9), pages 3412-3460.
    7. Ferraro, Domenico & Peretto, Pietro F., 2020. "Innovation-led growth in a time of debt," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 121(C).
    8. Charles J. Hadlock & Joshua R. Pierce, 2010. "New Evidence on Measuring Financial Constraints: Moving Beyond the KZ Index," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 23(5), pages 1909-1940.
    9. repec:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/75koqefued8i7pihbrl9u84p4u is not listed on IDEAS
    10. Gao, Huasheng & Shi, Donghui & Zhao, Bin, 2021. "Does good luck make people overconfident? Evidence from a natural experiment in the stock market," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    11. Richard F. J. Haans & Constant Pieters & Zi-Lin He, 2016. "Thinking about U: Theorizing and testing U- and inverted U-shaped relationships in strategy research," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 37(7), pages 1177-1195, July.
    12. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/75koqefued8i7pihbrl9u84p4u is not listed on IDEAS
    13. Junbing Xu & Yuanyuan Li & Dawei Feng & Zhouyi Wu & Yang He, 2021. "Crowding in or crowding out? How local government debt influences corporate innovation for China," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(11), pages 1-20, November.
    14. Nobuo Akai & Motohiro Sato, 2009. "Soft budgets and local borrowing regulation in a dynamic decentralized leadership model with saving and free mobility," Working Papers 2009/20, Institut d'Economia de Barcelona (IEB).
    15. Chen, Wen & Zhu, Yufeng & He, Zehui & Yang, Yang, 2022. "The effect of local government debt on green innovation: Evidence from Chinese listed companies," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).
    16. Nobuo Akai & Motohiro Sato, 2009. "Soft budgets and local borrowing regulation in a dynamic decentralized leadership model with saving and free mobility," Working Papers 2009/20, Institut d'Economia de Barcelona (IEB).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Si, Deng-Kui & Li, Hong-Xue & Wu, Shilei & Zhou, Fuyou, 2024. "Does local government debt management affect cross-border M&As? Evidence from China," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
    2. Zhang, Guanglong & Wang, Chuyu, 2025. "Local government debt and corporate cash holdings: Evidence from China," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    3. Xiong, Jiacai & Huang, Ling & Yang, Zelin & Wang, Xin, 2024. "The impact of local government debt on entrepreneurship: Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment of local debt governance reform," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 93(PA), pages 501-519.
    4. Yi Huang & Marco Pagano & Ugo Panizza, 2020. "Local Crowding‐Out in China," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 75(6), pages 2855-2898, December.
    5. Nie, Song & Zeng, Gang & Zhang, Xu & Guo, Qiaozhe, 2024. "Does local government debt pressure hamper green transition? Evidence from China," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 1185-1201.
    6. Cheng, Feiyang & Gao, Haoyu & Pan, Xiaofei & Qian, Meijun & Zhou, Qing (Clara), 2025. "China's debt market: Evolution, regulation, and global integration," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    7. Chen, Wen & Zhu, Yufeng & He, Zehui & Yang, Yang, 2022. "The effect of local government debt on green innovation: Evidence from Chinese listed companies," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).
    8. Fang, Yan & Liu, Yinglin & Yang, Yi & Lucey, Brian & Abedin, Mohammad Zoynul, 2025. "How do Chinese urban investment bonds affect its economic resilience? Evidence from double machine learning," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    9. Li, Anjie & Qiu, Junjie, 2024. "Does local government debt promote firm green innovation? Evidence from the Chinese local government debt governance reform," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 1046-1062.
    10. Chen, Suyun & Li, Zongze & Xie, Feixue & Xu, Xiaofang, 2024. "The signaling effect of local government debt: Evidence from China," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 95(PA).
    11. Chen, Wen, 2024. "How does local government debt affect bank loan pricing? Evidence from loan-level data," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 48(3).
    12. Xie, Xuejing & Gong, Yukai & Cheng, Le, 2025. "Managerial myopia and carbon emission: Evidence from China," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    13. Geng, Xin & Qian, Meijun, 2024. "Understanding the local government debt in China," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    14. Dak-Adzaklo, Cephas Simon Peter & Wong, Raymond M.K., 2024. "Corporate governance reforms, societal trust, and corporate financial policies," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    15. Xiao, Zhongyi & Li, Yuanling & Xiang, Cheng, 2025. "Do suppliers value customer firms' digital transformation? Evidence from trade credit provision," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    16. Chen, Haosi & Maslar, David A. & Serfling, Matthew, 2020. "Asset redeployability and the choice between bank debt and public debt," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    17. Song, Jeongseop & Zhang, Fan, 2024. "Regional market uncertainty and corporate investment," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 69(PB).
    18. Liu, Yan & Wu, Guowei & Xiong, Chen, 2024. "Countercyclical central government transfers incentivize local government overborrowing: Theory and evidence," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
    19. Zhu, Jun & Xu, Haokun & Zhang, Yue, 2022. "Local government debt and firm productivity: Evidence from China," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
    20. Fan, Wei & Ying, Qianwei & Meng, Guo, 2023. "The signaling effect of policy loans: Do commercial banks follow up or stand by?," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 56(C).

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0277461. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: plosone (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.